The object of this study is the issue of introducing innovations into the process of preparing students of a higher education institution in the subject “Life Safety”. The authors set a goal to open and characterize the fundamental issues associated with the introduction of innovations in the educational process of a university in a particular subject based on a comprehensive systematic analysis of the process of preparing students in universities, as well as basic regulatory legal documents in the field of education and basic professional educational programs and curricula. Moreover, the authors rely not only on approaches and conclusions based on solidarity, but also alternative theoretical ones. The results obtained during the study made it possible to determine ways to solve the issues associated with the correlation of innovative approaches with the subject “Life Safety”. The novelty of the study and its results are determined by the original approach to identifying the characteristic features of innovations in the educational process and studying the systemic links between innovative forms, methods of the educational process and the content of the subject.

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Ethnic conflict as a destructive phenomenon of modern human civilization is the object of the study. The specific subject under examination is identity that presents one of the characteristic foundations of an ethnic group. The research goal identified by the authors is to conduct an analysis of the identities of the ethnic groups of India, Middle East, and African and European countries to identify their characteristic features and sources, as well as examine them as a sociocultural factor in the system of ethnic conflict origin and development. The theoretical basis is composed of a set of scientific papers examining the process of the formation of ethnic groups and conflicts, sociological survey results, and statistical data. The methodological foundation of the study is formed by the retrospective analysis of scientific works revealing the process of ethnic group formation and the systematic approach that allowed identifying and justifying the role of identity in the genesis of ethnic groups and the structure of modern ethnic conflicts. The epistemological potential of statistical and sociological methods of quantitative and qualitative research made it possible to adequately interpret the current scientific research results regarding the hypothesis proposed by the authors. The novelty of the study and its results are determined by the original approach towards identifying the characteristic features of identity and studying its systemic relationships with the nature of modern ethnic conflicts. The results acquired in the course of the study support the conclusion that identity plays a significant role in the process of ethnic group formation, is closely intertwined with other characteristics of ethnos, and contains a specific structure of elements classified by the authors into three groups. In the context of the formation of dangers and threats to the identity, the ethnic group takes comprehensive action to counter it, which ultimately leads to the emergence and development of the ethnic conflict.

The article focuses on the identification of common grounds in the system of political extremism and making a distinction between the goals pursued by its left- and right-wing directions. The main results: detection of the wide and narrow approaches to the interpretation of the definition of political extremism, synthesis of its universal features, authorial understanding of the category of political extremism, and identification of the unity and struggle of opposites in the essence of political extremism.

The authors have set themselves the goal of analyzing the mass media and coverage of terrorist attacks on the Internet, to assess their impact on the growing number of terrorists in the world based on this analysis. The methodological basis of this research is represented by the comprehensive approach, which allowed identifying and corroborating the need to restructure the media and the Internet to combat modern terrorism. The epistemological potential of the statistical and sociological methods used within quantitative and qualitative research makes it possible to properly interpret the results of scientific research devoted to the subject of analysis. The results suggest that current activity by the media and Internet users encourages the growth in the number of terrorist acts in the world and improves the efficiency of recruiting newcomers to terrorist organizations. Furthermore, optimal ways of restructuring social media and expanding the scope of control of the operation of the Internet without violating freedom of expression and the right of citizens to free access to information are discussed.