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Pneumonia refers to lung inflammation caused by different pathogens or other factors, and is a common pediatric disease occurring in infants and young children. It is closely related to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of infants and young children and is more frequent during winter and spring, or sudden changes in temperature. Pneumonia is a serious disease that poses a threat to children's health and its morbidity and mortality rank first, accounting for 24.5–65.2% of pediatric inpatients. Due to juvenile age, severe illness and rapid changes, children often suffer acute heart failure, respiratory failure and even toxic encephalopathy at the same time. The concurrence in different stages of the process of emergency treatment tends to relapse, which directly places the lives of these children at risk. Severe pneumonia constitutes one of the main causes of infant mortality. In the process of nursing children with severe pneumonia, intensive care was provided, including condition assessment and diagnosis, close observation of disease, keeping the airway unblocked, rational oxygen therapy, prevention and treatment of respiratory and circulatory failure, support of vital organs, complications, and health education. The inflammatory response was proactively controlled, to prevent suffocation and reduce mortality. In summary, positive and effective nursing can promote the rehabilitation of children patients, which can be reinforced with adequate communication with the parents and/or caretakers.

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Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the major health problems worldwide. The worldwide research against cardiovascular diseases as well as genome wide association studies were successful in indentifying the loci associated with this prominent life-threatening disease but still a substantial amount of casualty remains unexplained. Over the last decade, the thorough understanding of molecular and biochemical mechanisms of cardiac disorders lead to the knowledge of various mechanisms of action of polyphenols to target inflammation during cardiac disorders. The present review article summarizes major mechanisms of polyphenols against cardiovascular diseases.