Panorama histórico y contrastivo de los estudios sobre lectura y escritura en educación superior publicados en América Latina A historical and contrastive account of higher education reading and writing studies published in Latin AmericaFederico Navarro ResumenLos estudios sobre lectura y escritura en educación superior cuentan con al menos dos décadas de desarrollo en Latinoamérica. Sin embargo, aún son escasas las investigaciones sistemáticas sobre la configuración de este espacio disciplinar. Con el propósito de llenar este vacío, el presente artículo identifica continuidades y contrastes locales e históricos a partir de un conjunto de variables (autores, idiomas, focos, temas, orientaciones, niveles, áreas, géneros y tipos). Para ello, un equipo internacional analizó cualitativa y cuantitativamente 81 artículos sobre el tema aparecidos en los últimos 15 años en cuatro revistas de Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Colombia consideradas líderes por la propia comunidad experta. Los resultados muestran una mayoría de artículos REVISTA SIGNOS. ESTUDIOS DE LINGÜÍSTICA 2016, 49(S1) 101 interesados en la investigación empírica de la escritura, en la formación de grado y el área de las Humanidades y las Ciencias Sociales, con foco en el artículo de investigación, con autores internacionales pero publicados en español y portugués. Históricamente, desapareció la lectura como competencia aislada y crecieron los enfoques híbridos y con mayor claridad epistemológica. Los contrastes regionales indican que la lectura y escritura son mayormente consideradas procesos educativos situados en la revista colombiana y discursos especializados en la argentina y chilena, con la brasileña entre medio. Además, los corpora brasileño y colombiano favorecen dinámicas de intercambio local mientras que los de Argentina y Chile presentan más autores internacionales. Esta reflexión disciplinar sobre los estudios de la lectura y la escritura en Latinoamérica resulta de importancia científica, educativa y política para su visibilización, validación, institucionalización y expansión.Palabras Clave: Alfabetización académica, didáctica de la escritura, universidad, discurso académico, ILEES. AbstractHigher education reading and writing studies have developed for at least two decades in Latin America. However, little systematic research reveals the emerging shape of this disciplinary space. To fill this gap, this article compares publications from different countries and moments based on the variables of authors, languages, focuses, topics, orientations, levels, areas, genres and types. An international team analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively 81 articles on reading and writing published during the last 15 years in four leading journals according to the expert community from Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Colombia. Results show that most articles do empirical research on writing; they tend to study the development of undergraduate writing and prefer the Humanities and Social Sciences; they mostly focus on the research article; they are written by au...

Abstracthis paper aims to understand the initial milestones, causes, academic activities, theoretical foundations and disciplines involved in the scholarly development of Higher Education reading and writing studies in Latin America. Eight academic leaders from Argentina, Chile, Colombia, and México were interviewed in order to learn their perspectives on this development. Findings reveal that the main founding milestones are conferences starting by the 2000's decade; the UNESCO Chair is the current main academic network that congregates scholars interested in this topic; the reasons for the ield's emergence are related to the increasing growth in college enrolments. Overall, a growing interdisciplinary ield can be observed, but its disciplinary identity is still difuse, given the ongoing jurisdictional disputes.

Diversos estudios han caracterizado la tesis como producto escrito. Sin embargo, es necesario avanzar en el conocimiento de cómo se gesta gradualmente dicho género académico. Con este propósito, en este artículo presentamos una investigación fenomenológica sobre el rol de los comentarios escritos en el proceso de elaboración de la tesis. El estudio se basó en entrevistas en profundidad a 5 directores de tesis y 6 estudiantes tesistas de carreras de Pedagogía pertenecientes a dos universidades de la ciudad de Concepción (Chile). El análisis revela que los comentarios del docente forman parte de un circuito de retroalimentación de carácter dialógico orientado a que el escrito de los estudiantes se ajuste al género tesis, lo que es valorado por todos los participantes.

Teacher mobility represents a serious problem due to the instability of the teaching force that has persisted over time in many countries. Therefore, retaining qualified teachers represents a challenge given the difficulty of having the necessary workforce to face the educational challenges of each year. Our objective was trying to identify how mobility is understood and measured, that is, teacher turnover and attrition, and to identify the results of the related factors according to the different perspectives. The PRISMA-Scr protocol was used, which establishes the information that should be included in a systematic review. The following key phrases were used: “teacher rotation” or “teacher mobility” or “teacher desertion” or teacher leavers or teacher stayers. The databases used were Web of Science, Scielo Citation Index and Google Scholar, which yielded an initial total of 760 documents published between 2008 and 2018, that after identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion processes, were reduced to 213. The selection of articles was carried out independently by two researchers using a structured and recursive hierarchical strategy. The existence of multiple ways of defining and measuring teacher mobility was identified and a definition based on two perspectives was proposed that summarizes the conceptual and operational findings, which are indirect and direct mobility. The first refers to the intention to leave and the second to leave. We have identified more evidence related to direct studies of a quantitative approach and focused on teachers with medium or short experience. The factors associated with mobility were identified based on the approaches used and a key element was identified when distinguishing teacher mobility, which is voluntary and involuntary mobility. We identified multiple factors associated with teacher mobility, among which the precarious working environment, poor organizational conditions such as lack of leadership and support among colleagues, excessive workload and low self-efficacy stand out. The limitations of this study are discussed. The findings of this study are highly relevant since they allow proposing medium or short-term policies, such as improving the organizational conditions of the school to promote the retention of the teaching workforce.

La retroalimentación durante el proceso de escritura de la tesis en carreras de pedagogía: Descripción de los comentarios escritos de los profesores guías* Feedback during the process of writing thesis of teacher training programs: Description of the written comments of thesis supervisor