This research aimed to explore the current conditions, problems, and needs in the implementation of inclusive education, to examine the best model of the implementation of inclusive education and to investigate the effectiveness of the inclusive education model. This research was mixed method researchs which was conducted in three stages. Stage one was exploring the current conditions, problems, and the needs on inclusive education implementation. Stage two was formulating an inclusive education learning model and stage three was determining the efficiency of the inclusive education model. Findings reveal that students and learning are the biggest obstacle in implementing inclusive education, while management, students, and learning are the most important factors to be considered in implementing inclusive education model. Based on the findings, the whole school inclusive education model was developed which consisted of three stages namely input, process, and output. It was suggested that during the implementation of this model collaboration should be emphasized.

This study aims to determine the effect of managerial skills of a headmaster to the effectiveness of islamic senior high school in Jombang District. This research is a quantitative study with a type of survey approach. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents, namely teachers from 4 islamic senior high schools in Jombang District as samples of this study. The research data were obtained from a questionnaire containing 45 statements regarding managerial skills and school effectiveness. The results of this study found that managerial skills of a headmaster affected school effectiveness. The results of the test of the individual parameters significance state that managerial skills (conceptual, human, and technical) are respectively influential by 72%, 75%, and 62% on school effectiveness. Meanwhile, simultaneously managerial skills have an effect of 77% on school effectiveness.

This study aims to analyze the concept of Human Resource Development carried out by schools in improving the performance of teaching staff at Elementary School Muhammadiyah of 1 Jember and Al Baitul Amien of 1 Jember. This research method uses a qualitative approach with a multi-case study design. The multi-case study used in this study uses two research sites. Data collection techniques in this study used participant observation, documentation, and interviews. Based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that the concept of the human resource development program carried out by these schools to improve the quality of teacher performance, namely: (1) increasing the abilities, skills, attitudes, and responsibilities of educators (teachers) to be more effective and efficient, (2) optimizing human resource development as much as possible by delegating to educators (teachers), and (3) striving to improve education quality by recommending educators (teachers) to take further studies to a higher level. There is no multi-case study research in improving the performance of students.

The number of patients who died being infected the Covid-19 virus increases significantly. The data shows that currently in Ponorogo there are: 19739 ODR; 198 OTG; 424 ODP; and 24 CONFIRMED. One of the efforts to prevent spread of the Covid-19 virus is by maintaining people health or maintaining body immunity. Sinom is a traditional herbal drink that has been widely known and used by the community to cure minor ailments, prevent disease, and maintain endurance and body health. This Community Service Program (PKM) is to help the government in efforts to prevent spread of the Covid-19 Virus by improving public health through consumption of Sinom Fresh Herbal Drink which is distributed to people affected by Covid-19 in the Ponorogo Region. The method used in this program is through sinom distribution, independent empowerment of sinom production through video tutorials and empowerment of youth organizations in the sinom distribution process. The PKM outputs include: (1) 200 bottles (@ 350ml) Sinom Herbal Drink and (2) Distribution of Sinom Herbal Drink, Video Tutorials and PIRT Handbooks to people affected Covid-19 by empowering Karang Taruna Desa Poko, Jambon District, Ponorogo region

This study aims to investigate the implementation of virtual learning on students’ learning outcomes mediated by motivation and to compare its effectiveness between urban and rural areas. This study employed quantitative design, involved 362 students of Faculty of Education in UNESA. To determine the sample, it employed Solvin’s formula. The data were collected by using three instruments, specifically Virtual Learning Effectiveness, Learning Outcomes, and Motivation. To see the difference of virtual learning on learning outcomes mediated by motivation based on student’s location, path analysis was performed twice by separating the data into two kinds of groups. The first group contains student’s data that lived in an urban area. The second group contains student’s data that lived in a rural area. The findings of this research confirm that the virtual learning is effective to improve students’ learning outcomes which was mediated by motivation. In addition, it was found that the motivation of students from urban areas is higher than those from rural areas. It suggests that the native location of students influences their motivation.