We study the fusion reaction of light systems with one dimensional barrier penetration model using the α − α double folding cluster (DFC) potential. We especially analyze the fusion cross sections of the 12 C+ 12 C, 16 O, 24 Mg, 28 Si, 16 O + 16 O, 24 Mg + 24 Mg, 28 Si, and 28 Si + 28 Si reactions. The results are compared with the one obtained with M3Y double folding (DFM) and the Akyüz-Winther (A-W) potentials. It is found that the calculations with DFM and DFC potentials can reproduced the experimental data much better than the calculations using the A-W potential. We also carried out an analysis on the astrophysical aspect of the 12 C + 12 C, 16 O, and 16 O + 16 O reactions. The calculations using DFC and DFM potentials could fit the S-factor data reasonably well. However, the calculated reaction rates are lower than the compilation of Caughlan and Fowler at low temperatures. In the important range of temperatures in stellar evolution, the DFC potential reproduce very satisfactory fitting to the experimental cross section and the S-factor data and gives a consistent prediction of astrophysical reaction rates. This finding indicates that the DFC potential could be used as an alternative potential to study the fusion reactions in the astrophysical interest.

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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected people’s lives globally. Indonesia has been significantly affected by this disease. COVID-19 has also affected certain social and economic aspects of Indonesia, including community resilience. Through a variety of contexts and geographic locales, we explore the previously mentioned concept of resilience. From existing literature reviews, we develop a holistic framework for community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Then, we formulate crucial factors for community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: natural capital, social capital, human capital, stakeholder engagement, community participation, technology, and communication. Strategic stakeholder action in the community resilience domain has facilitated increases in economic as well financial capital for adapting to and surviving deficits in productivity in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a reflection on and a comparative review of the existing literature from different countries.

Recent research has been significantly increased our fundamental understanding of microwave interactions with materials. Thermal absorption has been demonstrated to result from simultaneous action of multiple dissipation mechanisms during processing. In addition, it has been conclusively established that strong microwave fields exert a non-thermal driving force during sintering. This force acts as an additional driving force for atomic transport. For strong electric fields, the force can enhance diffusion rates during ceramic sintering. This paper describes recent research on microwave sintering of two oxide ceramics, a silica xerogel ceramic produced from rice husk ash (RHA) and a high purity alpha alumina. A millimeter waves (MMW) heating system with a 28 GHz gyrotron is applied for microwave sintering experiment. The ceramics were also sintered by using an electric furnace where served as comparison. Effect of microwave energy on the porosity reduction of the ceramics was investigated. Some possible physical mechanisms were discussed.

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