Objective: The objective of this research was to describe the sexual behaviors and condom use in the Brazilian population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study, which used data from 88,531 individuals aged 18 years old or older, who answered the second edition of the National Health Survey carried out in 2019. Prevalence was estimated with the respective 95% confidence intervals for each sexual behavior indicator and condom use according to gender, age, race/skin color, educational level, and region of residence. Results: The majority of the Brazilian population has had sexual intercourse at some point in their lives (93.9%). Mean age of initiation was 17.3 years. Prevalence of consistent condom use was only 22.8%, being even lower among women (20.9%). Moreover, 59% of the population reported not having used a condom in the past 12 months, the main reason being trusting their partner (73.4%). The use of health services to obtain condoms was only 10.7%. It was observed that women, individuals with a higher age group, less education, and income had worse results in relation to the analyzed indicators, in addition to regional disparities. Conclusion: Low prevalence of condom use was observed in the Brazilian population. In addition, important socioeconomic and demographic disparities were observed, pointing out the need to revisit, strengthen and expand public policies in the sexual and reproductive health field in order to prevent risky sexual behaviors and promote condom use, including double protection.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner violence against adult women in Brazil. Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional epidemiological study using the database of the National Survey of Health 2019. The prevalence in the last 12 months and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios of intimate partner violence were calculated, stratified by sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Intimate partner violence was reported by 7.60% of Brazilian women aged from 18 to 59 years, with higher prevalence among younger women (8.96%), black women (9.05%), those with lower education level (8.55%) and low income (8.68%). After adjusted analysis, the age groups of 18–24 years old (PRadj: 1.41) and 25–39 years old (PRadj: 1.42) and income lower than one minimum wage (PRadj: 1.55) remained associated with intimate partner violence. Conclusions: Intimate partner violence was associated with younger and poorest women. This result points to the need to develop intersectoral policies, especially those aimed at reducing social inequalities and at the coping with intimate partner violence among adult women.

Cancer is a serious public health issue worldwide. In Brazil, among women, the most common type is breast cancer (29.7%) and cervical cancer is the third most frequent (7.4%). 1 In 2017, there were 16,724 deaths from breast cancer and 6,385 from cervical cancer. 1 They were responsible, respectively, for the losses of 551,306.08 and 59,498.97 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). 2 There are also great variations in the magnitude and types of cancer across the different regions of Brazil. 1 Brazil is expected to have 66,280 cases of breast cancer diagnosed per year between 2020 and 2022, corresponding to a rate of 61.6 diagnoses per 100,000 women. The number of new cervical cancer cases expected for the same period would be 16,590, corresponding to a rate of 15.43 per 100,000 women. 1 Cervical and breast cancer incidence, mortality and morbidity may be reduced through effective control strategies. These should include screening programs, health promotion actions, prevention, early diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care, when necessary. 3 The Brazilian National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS) guarantees universal free access to mammography examinations and cervical cytological testing, also known as the Papanicolaou test. The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends screening mammography for women aged 50 to 69, to be done every two years. 4 The screening method for cervical cancer and its precursor lesions is oncotic cytological testing. Screening should start at the age of 25 for women who have already had sexual activity and periodic examinations must continue until they are 64 years old. The first two examinations should be performed at an annual interval and, if both results presented satisfactory samples and were negative for malignancy, subsequent examinations should be performed every three years. 5

Objective: to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with angina pectoris in the Brazilian adult population and per federated units. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study that analyzed data from the National Survey of Health 2019 and assessed the prevalence of angina in the Brazilian population. Angina was defined as chest pain or discomfort when climbing hills or stairs, or when walking fast on flat terrain (angina I) or when walking at normal speed on flat terrain (angina II). Prevalence, crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated, with a 95% confidence interval, according to sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age group, self-reported race/skin color and region of residence) and federative units. Results: The prevalence of mild angina (grade I) was 8.1% and of moderate/severe angina (grade II) was 4.5%, being both more prevalent in women (9.8 and 5.5%, respectively). The prevalence increased progressively with age and was inversely proportional to years of formal study. Grade I angina was higher in individuals self-reportedly black and residents of Sergipe (10,4%). Angina II was more prevalent in people self-reportedly brown and living in Amazonas (6.3%). Conclusion: Angina affects more than 10% of the Brazilian population aged 18 years old and more, with higher prevalence in states in the North and Northeast. This is a problem that affects the most vulnerable populations unequally, which places coronary heart disease as a public health problem and points to the need to think about public policies aimed at these strata of the population.

Objetivo: Analisar as prevalências de acidentes de trabalho, segundo variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais, em 2013 e 2019. Métodos: Estudo transversal utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2013 e 2019. Avaliou-se os acidentes de trabalho típico (AT), descolamento (AD) e Acidentes de Trabalho Totais (ATT). As prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) de ATT em 2013 e 2019 foram estimadas segundo as variáveis explicativas, Unidades da Federação e capitais. Em 2019, foram calculadas as prevalências e IC95% segundo variáveis explicativas e razões de prevalência (RP) bruta e ajustada por sexo e faixa etária. Resultados: A prevalência de ATT passou de 4,96% (IC95%: 4,55-5,38) em 2013 para 4,13% (IC95%: 3,80-4,46) em 2019. Em 2013, o Pará liderou em prevalência de ATT e em 2019 a maior prevalência foi no Mato Grosso. As prevalências de AT e AD em 2019 foram, respectivamente 2,64% (IC95%: 2,37-2,91) e 1,60% (IC95%: 1,40-1,80). Em 2019, as prevalências para ATT foram mais elevadas para  homens (RP:1,92; IC95% 1,62-2,27); na faixa etária de 18 a 29 anos (RP: 2,71; IC95% 1,99-3,68); pessoas com ensino fundamental completo/médio incompleto (RP: 2,09; IC95% 1,57-2,78); de cor preta (RP: 1,43; IC95% 1,12-1, 84), e menor em pessoas sem carteira de trabalho (RP: 0,77; IC95% 0,66-0,90).  AT foi maior na zona rural (RP: 1,32 (1,09-1,60). Conclusão: Houve redução dos ATT entre 2013 e 2019. Homens, jovens, pretos e indivíduos com menor escolaridade, trabalhadores da zona rural, apresentaram maiores prevalências de AT em 2019, demonstrando uma relação dos processos saúde-doença-acidente.