The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on various fields, one of which is in the field of education. During this pandemic, face-to-face learning in class did not run properly, turning into an online learning system. This study aims to describe students' learning difficulties, especially mathematics at the junior high school level during the pandemic. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The instrument used is an online questionnaire. The conclusion of this study is that most students use WhatsApp as an online learning medium. The most common obstacles experienced by students during online learning are due to the lack of internet network constraints in some student places and internet quotas. In addition, mathematics also becomes its own difficulties and challenges for students when learning online due to several factors, namely: (1) too many math problems are given, (2) limited space for interaction with teachers, (3) abstract objects studied, (4 ) too many formulas.

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This research aims to compile learning module for Creative Products and Entrepreneurship which is in accordance with XI class of Automotive Light Vehicle Engineering Skills Competencies, and to find out the feasibility of the Creative Products and Entrepreneurship module in SMK N 2 Pengasih. This method used 4D development research model from Thiagarajan. The subjects were material experts, media experts, and 36 TKRO XI students in SMK N 2 Pengasih. Collecting data using a questionnaire with Likert scale and analyzed to obtain feasibility results. The validity used content with expert opinion (expert judgment). Data analysis used quantitative descriptive analysis. The result: compilation of learning modules for Creative Products and Entrepreneurship for learning activities in SMK N 2 Pengasih in XI Class of Automotive Light Vehicle Engineering Skills Competency. Feasibility according to material experts obtains a percentage score of 88.6% which is included in "very feasible" category. Based on media experts, the feasibility according to the media expert gets a percentage score of 94.8% which is included in "very feasible" category, and the feasibility according to the user gets a percentage score of 85.9% and it is included in "very feasible" category to be used as a media of learning.Key Words: Development of Learning Module, Creative Products and Entrepreneurship, Automotive.

Kebijakan reorganisasi agraria memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap kehidupan masyarakat. Sebelum abad ke-20, pemilikan dan penguasaan tanah di Yogyakarta ditentukan dengan sistem apanage. Dimana tanah dimiliki dan dikuasai oleh raja sedangkan rakyat sebagai penghuni tanah hanya memiliki hak nggadhuh dengan kewajiban menyerahkan sebagian hasil garapannya. Hal itu yang kemudian menjadi latar belakang penentuan topik penelitian. Melalui empat tahap dalam metode sejarah yaitu heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi, penelitian ini difokuskan pada praktik reorganisasi agraria di Regentschap Adikarto. Didukung berbagai sumber dari arsip laporan resmi pemerintah seperti Rijksblad Kasultanan dan Pakualaman, menunjukkan bahwa tindakan reorganisasi membawa perubahan pada status hukum, seperti menghapuskan sistem apanage, pembentukan unit administrasi kelurahan, memberikan kepastian hak-hak penggunaan tanah, pengadaan peraturan sistem sewa tanah, pengurangan wajib kerja penduduk, dan perbaikan pemindahan hak atas tanah. Pelaksanaan reorganisasi pada akhirnya memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap kehidupan masyarakat Regentschap Adikarto. Berkat kebijakan itu banyak lahan milik masyarakat beralih untuk perluasan bisnis perkebunan berakibat pada terbatasnya tanah pertanian dan monetisasi semakin memperjelas perubahan pola hidup masyarakat.

The rotational inverted pendulum is an interesting subject for some researchers, especially control engineers. Its nonlinear and underactuated characteristic make it quite challenging to stabilize it. Hence, a proper control law is a must to make it stable. Here, in this paper, we present a control law using LQR (Linear-Quadratic Regulator) to stabilize the rotational inverted pendulum. The experiments are carried out by linearizing the model and simulate the response in MATLAB. The results show that the controller succeeds to stabilize the states of rotational inverted pendulum to their respective equilibrium points. Even more, it provides zero settling errors.