Digitalization (the use of digital technologies in the management of socio-economic systems) is currently recognized as a prerequisite for effective economic development and competitiveness. A comparative analysis of digitalization assessment methods has shown that in most cases the level of dissemination and application of digital technologies, provision of equipment, software products, Internet access, the possibility of forming and using databases is assessed. The methods do not involve evaluating the effectiveness of digitalization – comparing the result and the costs of digitalization. In this article, it is proposed to use digital capital as an indicator of the effectiveness of the use of digital technologies in the management of socio-economic systems. A comparative analysis of the definitions of “digital capital” proposed by various scientists is carried out and a refined definition is proposed: a set of tangible and intangible identifiable and unidentifiable (the concept of digital goodwill is proposed) digital assets and digital competencies of employees that allow them to successfully implement digital technologies and increase labor productivity. Possible methods of digital capital assessment and features of digital capital assessment of various socio-economic systems are considered.
В ходе проведенного исследования выявлена нелинейная зависимость динамики ВВП от увеличения грузооборота. Разработана регрессионная модель, определяющая величину ВВП в зависимости от динамики грузооборота. Следует констатировать, что в России сложился довольно низкий уровень применения цифровых инноваций, по сравнению с зарубежными компаниями развитых стран и продолжает оставаться на низком уровне. Цель: Выдвинута и доказана гипотеза, что с помощью математической модели, можно получить прогноз ВВП России на следующий год на основе использования как линейной регрессионной модели, отражающей зависимость величины ВВП от динамики грузооборота, так и при использовании AI-модели «персептрон», включающей в себя совокупность данных, отражающих развитие экономики. Метод, или методология проведения работы: В работе применялись такие методы исследования, как: монографический, аналитический, линейная регрессия и нелинейная математическая модель, а также анализ, изучение и обобщение. Результаты: Представлена разработанная AI-модель (модель искусственного интеллекта) «персептрон», предназначенная для прогнозирования ВВП России на основе входных параметров, представляющих совокупность данных, отражающих развитие реального сектора экономики России за 2011–2019 гг., включая динамику грузооборота. Рассмотрен опыт применения систем искусственного интеллекта в целях прогнозирования временных рядов, в том числе ВВП РФ. Область применения результатов: экономика, финансовая сфера, прогнозирование и планирование хозяйственной и финансовой деятельности, экономическая безопасность
The necessity of improving the tools for assessing the economic efficiency of the innovative development of an industrial enterprise is substantiated. Known indicators for assessing innovation are -contemplative,‖ record the processes that occur, but they do not show the effectiveness, do not compare the results and costs of innovation. It is proposed to use the -indicator of innovative capital‖ as an indicator of assessing the economic efficiency of innovative development. The content of this concept is clarified -it means the cost advanced to certain innovatively oriented resources that allow creating and implementing innovations. The principles of the formation of innovative capital are defined: taking into account the development prospects of the organization; the need to achieve a balanced development of all components of innovative capital, innovative capital efficiency; rationalization of costs for the formation and maintenance of innovative capital, digitalization of the formation and maintenance of innovative capital (digital support). The structure of innovative capital, which includes human capital (availability of labor resources, knowledge, education, qualifications, professional competencies), has been clarified and substantively expanded; intellectual capital (unidentifiable intellectual abilities of employees, intellectual competences, creative competencies), patent capital (identifiable intellectual property created by employees and -acquired‖), digital capital (it presents in all types of innovative capital as a component: digital literacy, mobility, flexibility -in human capital, cognitiveity, multifunctionality, creativity -in intellectual capital , skills and abilities to digitally formalize the results of scientific research -in patent capital).A possible method of assessing innovative capital is outlinedit is the cost method and the problems of using are consideredcertain difficulties with the assessment of formally unidentifiable abilities and competencies of employees.
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