The objects of study are nanostructured thermoelectric materials for efficient conversion of excess heat to electric power. The materials under study are half-Heusler alloys based on Ni(M)Sn, where M =Ti, Hf, Zr in various ratios. The results of preparation of nanoscale powders of Ni 0.33 (Ti 0.23 Zr 0.44 Hf 0.43 ) 0.33 Sn 0.33 and Ni 0.33 (Ti 0.5 Zr 0.5 ) 0.33 (Sn 0.99 Sb 0.01 ) 0.33 compositions are presented.Their structure and size characteristics are studied by electron microscopy and laser diffraction. The process of powder sintering into a bulk nanostructured material by rapid hot pressing is described; synthesis parameters are presented. The thermal diffusivities of consolidated samples are measured.

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Приведены экспериментальные результаты исследований термоэлектрических свойств Co4Sb12, Ce0.1Nd0.5Co4Sb12 и Ce0.5Nd0.1Co4Sb12, полученных методом индукционной плавки. Термоэлектрическая эффективность ZT исследованного Co4Sb12 превышает примерно в 2 раза ZT незаполненных скуттерудитов, приготовленных традиционным методом твердофазного синтеза. Термоэлектрическая эффективность Ce0.1Nd0.5Co4Sb12 и Ce0.5Nd0.1Co4Sb12 оказалась ниже, чем в Co4Sb12, вследствие наличия примесной фазы металлической сурьмы в первых двух образцах. Предположено, что термоэлектрические свойства заполненных скуттерудитов можно значительно повысить после оптимизации метода индукционной плавки. DOI: 10.21883/FTP.2017.07.44655.41

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The article shows the role of oxygen vacancies in the formation of luminescence bands of titanium and hafnium oxides, and also demonstrates the relationship between the intensity of luminescence bands and the conditions for the synthesis of films of these materials. It is concluded that photoluminescence is a very sensitive method for diagnosing the composition of oxides. Luminescence bands at 2.45 eV in titanium oxide and 2.91 eV in hafnium oxide make it possible to analyze the change in the film composition under various technological conditions of their production. Keywords: oxygen vacancies, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, photoluminescence.