Murtiningrum, Sarungallo ZL, Mawikere NL. 2012. The exploration and diversity of red fruit (Pandanus conoideus L.) from Papua based on its physical characteristics and chemical composition. . The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of red fruit based on its physical characteristics and chemical composition. Exploratory survey method and laboratory research (pure experiment) were used to assess the physical character and chemical composition of crude red fruit. Physical character of each accession showed a variation on fruit color (dark red and red); the fruit and single fruit (drupa) length ranged from 21-71 cm and 1.2-1.8 cm, respectively. The dried red fruit contains 2.03-3.50% ash, 3.12-6.48% protein, 11.21-30.72% fat, 43.86-79.66% carbohydrate, 3.78-21.88 mg/100g vitamin C, 2.00-3.14 mg/100g vitamin B1, 0.53-1.11% Ca, 8.32-123.03 ppm Fe, and 0.01-0,33% P, with total carotenoids and total tocopherol ranging from 332.65-3309.42 ppm and 964.52-11917.81 ppm. The clustering analysis result of red fruit based on its physical characteristic and chemical composition showed that the related accessions was U Saem and Tawi Magari, having a 25% similarity. The accession U Saem and Tawi Magari had the highest level of similarity in total carotenoids and total tocopherol. Furthermore, they also perform similar physical characteristics by having triangular cylinder shape, red flesh color, and fruit length category.

Abstract. Abbas B, Kabes RJ, Mawikere NL, Ruimassa RMR, Maturbong RA. 2020. DNA barcode of Metroxylon sagu and other palm species using matK gene. Biodiversitas 21: 4047-4057. Palm family encompasses numerous species, and they disperse broadly across tropical and subtropical countries. The palm family is generally used as an ornamental plant, food, oil, and industrial raw materials. Species of palm that accumulate large amount carbohydrate in the trunk is sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb). The objectives of this study were to explore the plastid sequence associated with matK genes in the palm family and to reveal DNA barcode of 16 genera and 28 species of the palm. Plant materials used in the studies were derived from Sago Research Center (SRC), and other palm sequences were retrieved from the GenBank, NCBI accessions. The PCR product was sequenced by the 1st Base Asia, Singapore. Sequences of the matK gene that were observed in the plastid genome of M. sagu were registered into the NCBI GenBank as DNA barcode of M. sagu. Percent query cover of Blast analysis range from 98% to 100%, and identity range from 97.70% to 100%. Plastid nucleotides associated with matK genes in the chloroplast genome of palm family were shown substantial differences in inter-genera and small differences in inter-species. Genetic distance among palm family range from 0 to 0.026 with nucleotide variation observed was of 0.008822 value. The result of molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the palm family separated into three clades and three sub-clades based on the plastid matK gene. Species of M. sagu and M. warburgii were considered closely related as compared to other palm species. The matK gene barcoding method is one powerful tool for identification inter-genera and inter-species of the palm.

<em>The objective of this study was to obtain the package information about� the characteristics of first generation of eight genotypes of Manokwari-local corn which made strain based on seed color differences. The materials used in this study were eight genotypes of Manokwari-local corn, organic and inorganic fertilizers according to recommended dosage, and pesticides. Planting was done in the farmer�field located in Beach� Amban, Manokwari. The study was designed using a single row and eight� local corn genotipes which were planted in one seedbed with a size of 4m x 1.5m. Hybridization method used was artificially self-pollinating. The variables measured� were� plant- height character, stem character, leave character, cobs character, and seed character. Data analysis was done using T-test of the difference between the average value for each variable observed.� Eight genotypes of� Manokwari-local corn� which have been evaluated on the characteristics of their vegetative and generative were vary. The highest percentage of seed color in a uniform cob was found in a population of� Red-Kebar genotypes ( 94.4 % ) and the lowest in Purple-Anggi population ( 13.3 % ).</em>

No abstract

Sago palm (Metroxylon sago Rottb.) is one of the carbohydrate-producing crops that has great potential in supporting food security programs. This study aims to determine the morphological and genetic diversity based on the mat-K gene marker of 15 accessions of sago pal that have been collected by the Sago Research Consortium. This research was conducted by preparing plant samples, extracting DNA, amplifying DNA with a PCR tools, visualizing the results of DNA amplification, sequencing, editing DNA sequencing, and blasting. The results showed that the sago palm accessions collected by the UNIPA Sago Research Consortium were morphologically different in the Russet stages.  Based on the maturase K (mat-K) gene marker of 15 sago palm accessions were divided into two haplotypes, namely haplotype 1 which experienced deletion at base number 5 (amino acid phenylalanine) and haplotype 2 which did not experience deletion so it had phenylalanine amino acid. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 15 sago palm accessions were divided into 2 groups, namely group 1 and group 2. Sago palm were observed closely related to Metroxylon warburgii with genetic distance of 0.001.