This research is a study to explore the transformation preferences of modes of private transport (four-wheeled and two-wheeled) based on travel characteristics and user behavior. The design of the analysis approach consists of descriptive statistical method to obtain the travel characteristics and behavior of private transport user in terms of travel costs, vehicle operating costs, mileage and travel time, accessibility, mobility, service. It also uses Partial Least Square (PLS) SEM modeling to obtain the interactive travel characteristics of private transport preferences, public transport services quality to modes of transformation. From the results based on data analysis, it is found out that the travel characteristics of the commuters for private transport users with variable indicators of mileage and travel time is expected to affect the determination of modes of transport that is fast and time-efficient. In the case of private transport preferences, most respondents think that the prestige and traffic culture factor in using the modes of private transport have less impact. Next, for prestige factor in using public transport, most respondents think that it has less impact on the public transport service quality. Then for the transformation of modes of travel, the private transport users prioritize more on travel time, waiting time and total rate factor to be willing to move to modes of public transport which is also followed by other factors.

As a result of climate change, the condition of the rain pattern will be more extreme, where in the rainy season, the rainfall will be higher so that it can trigger more floods and landslides; while in the dry season, the rainfall will be less added by increasing evaporation due to increased temperatures which can trigger drought disasters. The objective of this research was to what extent the impact of climate change on water availability which will be used as the main raw material for Municipal Water in Bantaeng Regency. The research method was descriptive qualitative with cross sectional approach. The results of climate change projections showed that the potential monthly average surface water discharge in Bantaeng Regency, especially the watershed used by PDAM, changed fluctuatively. During the rainy season, the projected run-off discharge increased by around 15%; while during the dry season it decreased by around 13% in the Nipa-Nipa, Gusung, and Kaili Watershed. This indicated that the vulnerability of surface water resources during the peak of the dry season (August) to the watershed with Municipal Water intakes, however, in general, the availability of surface water resources in the three watersheds was relatively safe as indicated by the projection results of the run-off discharge average annual rate increased by 4%

Plastic represent thousands of materials with different physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. As plastic demand and usage increase, it is undeniable that the amount of plastic waste will increase. Plastic has the features of which cannot rot; it does not decompose naturally; it cannot absorb water or cannot rust. So it will eventually cause problems for the environment. This study aims to determine the compressive strength and tensile strength of concrete mixes that use coarse aggregates of plastic waste as a substitute for natural aggregates / broken rocks. There are three variations of samples made with mutations in the type of plastic used, namely PP (Polypropylene) plastic, PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) plastic, and PP & PET combination plastic. The specimen is cylindrical, with a size of 10 cm x 20 cm. Compressive strength and tensile strength testing is carried out at 28 days according to SNI standards. The results obtained the compressive strength obtained on each variation of standard concrete samples, PP aggregate concrete, PET aggregate concrete, and PP & PET aggregate concrete, respectively, of 21.64 MPa, 10.61 MPa, 8.48 MPa, and 10.18 MPa. Whereas for the splitting tensile strength of standard concrete, PP aggregate concrete, PET aggregate concrete, and PP & PET aggregate concrete respectively were 2.86 MPa, 1.80 MPa, 1.70 MPa, and 1.80 MPa.

ABSTRAKSalah satu faktor penyebab kemacetan yakni pertambahan jumlah kendaraan yang tidak sebanding dengan pertambahan volume jalan. Pada masa sekarang ini umumnya masyarakat lebih memilih untuk menggunakan kendaraan pribadi dibandingkan kendaraan umum dengan berbagai alasan seperti kenyamanan, waktu tempuh perjalanan lebih cepat, kapasitas angkutan umum tidak dioperasikan sebagaimana mestinya dan lain sebagainya. Kajian ini merupakan studi preferensi untuk menjajaki persepsi transformasi pengguna angkutan pribadi (roda empat dan roda dua) berbasis karakteristik perjalanan komuter. Rancangan pendekatan analisis terdiri dari metode statistik deskriptif untuk mendapatkan karakteristik perjalanan komuter angkutan pribadi dalam hal biaya perjalanan, biaya operasi kendaraan, jarak tempuh dan waktu tempuh, serta pemodelan SEM Partial Least Square (PLS) untuk mendapatkan pengaruh karakteristik perjalanan komuter angkutan pribadi terhadap transformasi moda angkutan. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisa data diketahui yakni Preferensi Angkutan Pribadi perjalanan komuter yang tertinggi adalah indikator kenyamanan dalam hal keempukan tempat duduk sebesar 97.1%, fasilitas tempat duduk dengan kesesuaian kondisi tubuh sebesar 97.0%, sirkulasi udara sebesar 91.2%, perilaku mengemudi sebesar 90.5%, tingkat keamanan dari gangguan alam sangat aman sebesar 88.2%, jaminan keamanan dari tindakan kriminal sebesar 85.9%, kelengkapan kendaraan dalam hal alat keselamatan sebesar 84.6%, jaminan keselamatan dari kecelakaan lalulintas sebesar 74.8%, kenyamanan dalam hal kesesuaian umur kendaraan sebesar 55.5%, Budaya (Image) dalam hal kedisiplinan berlalulintas sebesar 53.3% dan yang terendah adalah indikator Budaya (Image) dalam hal fakor gengsi sebesar 38.6%.Kemudian persepsi responden terhadap Transformasi moda yang di dimanifestasikan dengan variabel indikator dalam hal kesediaan berpindah menggunakan moda angkutan umum responden yang menyatakan sangat setuju sebesar 18.3%, setuju sebesar 20.6%, kurang setuju sebesar 22.2%, tidak setuju sebesar 28.1% dan yang menyatakan sangat tidak setuju sebesar 10.8%. Indikator dalam hal faktor prioritas utama yang memepengaruhi bersedia pindah ke angkutan umum, responden yang menyatakan faktor waktu perjalanan sebesar 38.2%, faktor waktu tunggu sebesar 16.7%, faktor total tariff perjalanan sebesar 12.7%, faktor keamanan sebesar 9.8%, faktor keselamatan sebesar 7.8%, faktor kenyamanan sebesar 6.5%, faktor transfer moda sebesar 4,2%, faktor waktu akses 3.6% dan yang menyatakan faktor budaya (image) sebesar 0.3%.Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis ditemukan bahwa karakteristik Preferensi Angkutan Pribadi (PAP) signifikan berpengaruh langsung terhadap variabel endogen Transformasi (TRF) sebesar 8.230.

Transportation has an important role in people's lives, where the rate of population growth is getting higher, which results in an increase in people's need for transportation. This can increase the use of public transport transportation; this problem is closely related to the traffic flow network, especially in the city of Makassar in the Tamalanrea sub-district. The application of the feeder transport line in the city of Makassar is one form of solution to the problems that occur in the city of Makassar, namely the traffic flow network. Based on the results of the planning of the Feeder Transport Route Model, the route that has been researched can be a solution to reduce congestion on the main road, where public transportation types Metromini can be diverted to local routes with planned routes and road types, which can meet the type of public transport Metromini. For public perception, it is more dominant to agree if the feeder system is implemented in Makassar. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of feeder transport if applied in the city of Makassar. It can be seen from the number of conflicts that have occurred due to the increasing number of public transport vehicles on the main roads of the city of Makassar.