Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memperngaruhi produksi bawang merah di Kabupaten Majalengka, (2) menganalisis tingkat efisiensi alokatif (efisiensi harga) dari penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi yang digunakan dalam usahatani bawang merah di Kabupaten Majalengka. Responden petani bawang merah ditentukan secara sensus. Jumlah data responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 37 petani bawang merah di Kabupaten Majalengka. Waktu pengumpulan data pada penelitian ni dilakukan pada bulan September 2015 sampai dengan April 2016. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah fungsi produksi stochastic frontier Cobb-Douglass dan efisiensi alokatif dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan produk marginal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi bawang merah secara nyata di Kabupaten Majalengka adalah luas lahan, jumlah bibit, dan pestisida. Untuk hasil analisis efisiensi alokatif menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata petani bawang merah di Kabupaten Majalengka masih belum efisien, namun dari kelima faktor produksi yang digunakan oleh responden terdapat satu faktor produksi yang tidak efisien secara alokatif. Oleh karena itu, dalam meningkatkan efisiensi alokatif dari setiap faktor produksi yang digunakan dalam usahatani bawang merah, maka petani perlu diberikan pendampingan untuk dapat menekan biaya produksi dan meningkatkan pendapatan.

Young generation is a productive workforce who plays an important role in developing agriculture in order to develop Indonesia. This study aims to describe young farmers based on their characteristics and perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, young farmers based on their business background or family livelihood, and analyze the relationship between the characteristics of young farmers and their perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, and the influence of livelihood backgrounds. their families on young farmers' perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector. The research method used a survey method with the number of respondents as many as 20 young farmers. The research was conducted in Tenjonagara Village, Cigalontang District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The data used consists of primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed using Rank Spearman Correlation and Mann Whitney U Test. The results showed that the characteristics of young farmers were in the medium category. Young farmers' perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector are included in the sufficient category. The results also show that there is no relationship between characteristics and perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector and there is no influence between family livelihood background and perceptions of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector.

ABSTRAKTepung aren merupakan hasil dari proses produksi pengolahan dari batang pohon aren. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas tenaga kerja, titik impas nilai penjualan, titik impas volume produksi, dan Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus pada Agroindustri Tepung Aren PT. AKS Gunung Wangi di Desa Kertaharja, Kecamatan Cijeungjing, Kabupaten Ciamis. Alat analisis kuantitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah produktivitas tenaga kerja, titik impas dari nilai penjualan dan volume produksi, serta harga pokok produksi. Pengukuran produktivitas tenaga kerja untuk mengetahui kondisi ekonomi tenaga kerja dari suatu usaha yang dilakukan, selanjutnya analisis titik impas berguna untuk mengetahui kaitan antara nilai penjualan dan volume produksi dengan harga dan biaya lainnya, sedangkan penentuan harga pokok produksi bertujuan untuk menghitung besarnya biaya atas pemakaian sumber ekonomi dalam proses produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas tenaga kerja pada agroindustri tepung aren PT AKS Gunung Wangi sebesar Rp 351.562,50 /Hari Kerja Orang untuk satu kali proses produksi. Proses pengolahan tepung aren dalam satu kali proses produksi memerlukan waktu selama 4 hari. Titik impas dari nilai penjualan sebesar Rp 604.118,76 dan volume produksi 80,55 kilogram dengan kapasitas produksi sebanyak 1.200 kilogram. Harga pokok produksi pada Agroindustri Tepung Aren sebesar Rp 5.167,65 per kilogram.Kata kunci: produksi, produktivitas, tenaga kerja, tepung aren, titik impas ABSTRACT Palm flour is the result of the processing production from the palm tree trunk. This study aims to determine labor productivity, the breakeven point of sales value, the breakeven point of production volume, and the cost of goods manufactured. The research method used is a case study at PT. AKS Gunung Wangi in Kertaharja Village, Cijeungjing District, Ciamis. Quantitative analysis tools used in this research are labor productivity, the break-even point of the sales value and production volume, and the cost of goods manufactured. Labor productivity is measured to determine the economic condition of the labor force of a business carried out, then the break-even point analysis is useful for knowing the relationship between sales value and production volume with prices and other costs, while determining the cost of goods manufactured aims to calculate the cost of using resources. economy in the production process. The results showed that the labor productivity in PT AKS Gunung Wangi's palm flour agroindustry was Rp. 351,562,50 / person working day for one production process. Processing of palm flour in one production process takes 4 days. The breakeven point of the sales value is Rp. 604,118.76 and a production volume of 80.55 kilograms with a production capacity of 1,200 kilograms. The cost of production in the Palm Flour Agroindustry is Rp. 5,167.65 per kilogram.

Utilization of organic waste from the rest of the black soldier fly (BSF),cultivation media into organic fertilizer that meets quality standards and is efficient in its manufacture. Theidentification of the effect of various types of organic waste making up the cultivation media on the growth of BSFlarvae, the quality of organic fertilizers, the level of efficiency in the production of organic fertilizers based on therest of the cultivation media. The research implementation method is an experimental field experiment to identifythe effect of various types of waste/organic materials that make up the cultivation media on the growth of BSFlarvae to produce organic fertilizer. The results of the analysis showed that the temperature of the larval growthmedia as a result of the study ranged from 26.2 - 30.5˚C which is still included in the category that is quite idealbecause the larvae can grow and develop. The average value of the optimum pH ranged from 6.5 to 7.5, indicatingthewiderangeoftoleranceforalltypesoforganicwasteintheformer larvalmedia.Thegrowthoflarvaeonday5inthetreatmentoflayinghenswassignificantlydifferentcomparedtoothermedia,havingthelowestvalueof 0.60 g, while the final weight of larvae in treatment C and D had an average value of 0.10. Based on this,treatments C and D have the highest average value. Organic fertilizer test results from the former laying henswaste media produced a quality close to the Ministry of Agriculture's organic fertilizer quality standard, withparameters pH:H2O, C-Organic,P2O5HCL25%andK2OHCL 25%.

Availability of organic waste has attracted the community as a business opportunity to utilize organic waste. One of the uses of organic waste that is carried out is as a growing medium and feed in the cultivation of black soldier fly (BSF) or maggot feed which at the end of the period there is residual cultivation media in the form of organic material that has the potential to be used as organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is an alternative to the use of organic waste that can be produced from the rest of the black army fly (BSF) cultivation media. The purpose of this study was to measure the cost of production and the level of efficiency of production costs of organic fertilizer based on residual BSF cultivation media using R/C ratio analysis. The research method used is a case study on community groups in Cipedes District, Tasikmalaya City since 2018. The results showed that the cost of production of the remaining BSF cultivation media is Rp. 14,663.00 and the results of the R/C ratio analysis are 1.40, indicated that the used of costs in the production process of organic fertilizer from waste of BSF cultivation media is efficient.