Insomnia is one of the most common clinical syndromes of somnological disorders, including any sleep disorders under sufficient time and appropriate sleeping conditions. Significant sleep disturbances are common in children who enter the intensive care unit. Between 18 and 65 per cent of children aged between 2 and 18 hospitalized in the intensive care unit have a clinical condition of acute confusion, better known as delirium. Sleep fragmentation, reduction of total sleep time, lack of slow, deep sleep and rapid sleep, and shift of sleep time are changes that can also act as insomnia triggers. Their presence worsens the course of the disease in the patient, prolongs the hospital stay, and increases the risk of complications and lethality. Circadian sleep disorder is a condition that requires close monitoring. Although insomnia therapy approaches are not yet reliable, early diagnosis of insomnia can reduce the duration of the delirium. Sleep assessment includes questionnaires and diaries. However, it was recognized that, despite the difficulties in implementing and interpreting polysomnography, it was still a gold standard for more accurate detection of changes in sleep phases and the difference between normal and abnormal sleep. In the absence of a polysomnograph, it is permissible to use a prolonged video assisted EEG. The inventive multimodal video-assisted monitoring method makes it possible to diagnose sleep disorders, pain syndrome and differential diagnosis of apnoea with cardiac and conductivity disorders or abnormal brain activity, including the presence of sub-clinical convulsions in patients of high-risk groups using a safe and non-invasive method for analyzing trends in the total bioelectric activity of different biological structures of a child. The validation of questionnaires according to the age of the child is also an important step in the timely diagnosis of sleep disorders in older children.

Breastfeeding is known as the only one form of human feeding that formed during the biological evolution. However, when breastfeeding is impossible, the only solution is to use modern adapted milk formulas to nourish infants. One of the most challenging issues is the adaptation of the formula protein quantity and quality to those in breast milk. Reducing the protein content in the adapted formula "Malutka Premium" prevents protein overload of the immature metabolic system of the child. Fats also play an important role in the nutrition of children as they perform two main functions in the body: they serve as structural components of biological cell membranes and energy material. The fatty component of "Malutka Premium" adapted formula is represented by 50% vegetable oils, which provides the required level of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The carbohydrate component of the adapted formula "Malutka Premium1" is represented by lactose; the adapted formula "Malutka Premium 2" also contains dextrinmaltose (30%). Prebiotics oligosaccharides and five most important nucleotides are added to the composition of "Malutka Premium" that enables to normalize the composition of the intestinal microflora and to intensify the digestive processes. Clinical observations of children receiving formulas with oligosaccharides and nucleotides have shown their high efficacy. Children gained weight better and were found as less likely to have functional digestive disorders. Introducing "Malutka premium with the addition of cereals" formulas to the child's diet enables to choose the most appropriate formula taking into account the peculiarities of the child's digestion. Feeding infants with domestic milk formula ensures the balanced intake of all necessary substances required in accordance with the age and allows to parents and paediatricians solve many problems in the nutrition of both healthy children and children with special nutritional needs.

Introduction. Breastfeeding is a natural form of infant nutrition during evolution that determines the optimal formation of baby's health, its physical, mental and intellectual development. The aim of the research. To learn the influence of social, informational and psychological factors on the duration of breastfeeding. Materials and methods. 200 mother-child pairs were examined. Research results. According to the survey, it was found that 86,4 % of children were breastfed in the first month of life. At 6 months, ration contained breast milk approximately 58,5 %, up to 1 year - 29,0 % of the examined children. A children health study, depending on the duration of breastfeeding, showed that healthy children were longer on exceptionally breastfeeding and breastfeeding than those who had any disease during the first year of life. The median duration of exclusive breastfeeding for healthy infants was 3 months and for infants with some disease - 1 month. The breastfeeding support issues in the work of the family doctor, the role of professional advisory help of medical workers for the formation of long and sufficient lactation were discussed. It is established that the use of modern perinatal technologies for pregnancy, childbirth and newborn provides only breastfeeding up to 6 months and optimal breastfeeding. It has found out that the breastfeeding education for mothers, psychological supportive ambience has a positive effect on the duration of breastfeeding and the health of the child. Conclusions. Lactation and breastfeeding is complicated process, but completely controllаble.

Introduction. Insufficient research work on the study of local immunity in children with frequent respiratory recurrent diseases has become the basis for this work. Goal. To study the negative impact of various pathogenic factors on the formation of acute respiratory recurrent infections in children. Materials and methods. 201 children under 3 years of age and 219 children from 3 to 7 years old who attended children's preschools in Kyiv were observed in the dynamics. Indices of local immunity, by the content of immunoglobulins in the secretion of the nasal passages, were studied in comparison with the data of the anamnesis and clinical examination of children; with functional condition of the nasal mucosa (presence of catarrhal phenomena); with the presence and excretion of viral and bacterial microflora in the upper respiratory tract; with the presence of chronic foci of infection in the nasopharynx (tonsillitis, adenotonitis); with a period that has elapsed after preventive vaccinations and transferred respiratory diseases. Research results. Based on the obtained data, changes in local immunity in the examined children were detected under the influence of factors of external and internal environment: birth of children from pathological pregnancy and childbirth; presence of hypochromic anemia, exudative diathesis, chronic tonsillitis of staphylococcal etiology, adenotonsillitis, recurrent and asthmatic bronchitis in children; high infection rate of children with viruses, pathogenicity of pathogenic staphylococcus and streptococcus, fungi of the genus Candida. It was found that the lowest frequency of detection of immunoglobulins of all classes was observed in children with streptococcus in pharynx and its associations with staphylococcus. Conclusions. The published data on the value of local immunity in terms of immunoglobulins in children with frequent respiratory recurrent diseases and its tendency to various changes under the influence of external and internal environmental factors indicate the feasibility of improving treatment and prevention measures, which include the use of agents that enhance the effectiveness of local respiratory protection.

No abstract