There has been emerging interest in the effectiveness of technology usage in professional education for establishing various competences among future educators. However, the field still lacks in holistic overviews of the role of technology for establishing various competences among future educators. The present bibliometric study was employed to identify and synthesize the results from studies exploring domains of professional education, technology and establishing competence. An author analyzed the papers published in highly ranked and cited journals which were indexed and ranked in the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus, in the period of 2000 to 2020. The results demonstrated high interest in studied domains within various subjects and fields of study, demonstrating the interest in the opportunities which provide the technology for professional education and developing methodological competences.
The article considers the main ways of using information technologies in education (creation of information environments in each educational institution. The factors without which the modern implementation of educational information technologies is impossible are singled out. The purposes of using e-learning, blended learning, and ways of monitoring education using computer testing are revealed. Emphasis is placed on the most effective means of educational multimedia systems in classes (automated learning systems; computer simulators; multimedia presentations; educational films; video demonstrations, etc.). The stages of teacher preparation for classes using computer technologies are singled out and their significance during classes is substantiated, the main functions in the system of training students who perform modern information technologies, the main directions of using information technologies in education, pedagogical conditions for effective introduction into the educational process of information technologies, the main goals of training specialists, which are achieved in the process of applying information technologies.
The purpose of this article is to reveal the possibility of using game theory in the criminal process of Ukraine. The article deals with the adversarial principle of the criminal proceedings. The presence of conflicting interests of both sides gives rise to the procedural interests of each of them. Defending legal positions with due regard for procedural interests leads to rational behavior of the both sides. Such activities can be called strategic, and the process of achieving the interests of the both sides in criminal proceedings is the strategy of the sides to criminal proceedings. Both sides in criminal proceedings will develop optimal strategies for achieving the appropriate procedural goal. The choice of the optimal strategy of the prosecution or the defense allows you to use game theory, as the theory of mathematical models for making optimal decisions in the context of a divergence of interests of the both sides in criminal proceedings. The article provides a definition of strategy and a definition of Game Theory. Conflicts that are considered in game theory are compared by analogy with a dispute in a criminal proceeding. The work of B.D. Leonov “The role of the theory of strategic behavior (game theory) in the regulation of the fight against terrorism” about the fact that game theory helps to choose the best strategies, taking into account ideas about other participants, their resources and possible actions. The work of A.A. Shiyan “Game Theory: Basics and Applications in Economics and Management” about the need to master the skills and abilities to apply game theory. The work of O.Y. Baev “Selected Works on the Problems of Criminalistics and Criminal Procedure” about the fact that, from the standpoint of the categorical apparatus of game theory, the adversarial principle completely fits into the so-called antagonistic game of two players. It was analyzed the work of O.G. Yanovskaja “Effective implementation of the functions of the prosecution and defense as a condition of adversary criminal proceedings” about the strategy and tactics of advocacy from the perspective of using the concept of solving game theory. It was analyzed the work of Y.A. Tsvetkov “The game of justice: How to increase the gain?” which examines the practical application of game theory in criminal proceedings using the Nash matrix and algorithms for making optimal decisions. It is concluded that the adversarial principle can be applied using ready-made mathematical models to make optimal decisions in criminal proceedings in order to achieve Nash equilibrium and, in general, increase the predictability of the outcome of criminal proceedings. Key words: game theory, criminal proceedings.
Artificial intelligence a set of scientific methods, theories and techniques whose aim is to reproduce, by a machine, the cognitive abilities of human beings. The artificial intelligence system is capable of using big data, calculating, evaluating, studying, deductive reasoning, abstract analysis and forecasting. The speed of information processing by artificial intelligence and its efficiency in making procedural decisions creates a model for digital automation of procedural decisions. The purpose of the article is to investigate the use of artificial intelligence in the judicial systems of developed countries and to analyze the prospects for its use in criminal proceedings in Ukraine. Such automation simplifies the process of making similar decisions in similar proceedings, which, of course, increases efficiency and simplifies procedural decision-making process in terms of procedural cost savings. Modern developments seek to ensure that machines perform complex tasks that were previously performed by humans. In the near future, accompanying organizational measures for the implementation of artificial intelligence and its regulatory support in public authorities associated with the storage of big data, processing information based on mathematical algorithms and making decisions based on artificial intelligence will be an integral part of our society. Artificial intelligence technologies are already being implemented in the judicial systems of China, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, France and Argentina. In the near future, the chances of using such technologies in the courts of general jurisdiction of Ukraine and in the criminal proceedings of Ukraine can be assessed as extremely high, and its scope is not limited to the work of artificial intelligence in court. You can also talk about the work of artificial intelligence in the activities of the prosecutor and the police. The paper deals with the use of artificial intelligence in the judicial systems of developed countries and analyzes the prospects of its use in criminal proceedings in Ukraine. These systems are reviewed, as: COMPAS (Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions) - United States of America, HART (Harm Assessment Risk Tool) - United Kingdom, Prometea - Argentina, Compulsory Similar Cases Search and Reporting Mechanism - China. The advantages of artificial intelligence systems are analyzed and a critique of their use is noted.
The purpose of this article is opening of necessity of application of ECHR practice in the decisions of the investigating judge to increase the value of judicial control over the observance of rights, freedoms and interests of individuals in criminal proceedings. The article includes analysis of the current legislation on the definition of judicial review at the pre-trial investigation stage. Judicial control is revealed through the powers of the investigating judge in criminal proceedings. There were examined opinions of scientists in relation to determinations of judicial control and function of investigation judge on the stage of pre-trial investigation. It is possible to draw conclusion from the analysis of the last scientific researches, that expansion of scopes of judicial control in a criminal production, it is a next step to rethink the value of judicial control in criminal proceedings. Decisions taken by the investigating judge should be based on the principles of legality and rule of law. The conclusion about the need to study the application of ECHR investigating judges to strengthen the role of the court at the stage of pre-trial investigation and reduction of procedural errors that can become new ECHR judgments against Ukraine. Judicial statistics and decision of consequence judges content are analysed with the use of practice of ECHR for 2018 and beginning 2019 years. Out of analysis of judicial statistics a conclusion is made that tendency on application of practice of ECHR in 2019 is slowly, but grows. The necessity of wide use of practice of ECHR courts is examined during realization of judicial control in a criminal proceedings. The estimation is given to expansion of the list of proceedings that must be carried out with the permission of the investigating judge. It is analyzed the shortcomings of the application of the ECHR practice courts and disadvantages such as the decision by the investigating judge ruling, not under criminal procedural rules. The practice of the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court is analysed. It is given the risks of the work of the investigating judge, who can relate to undue interference in the work of law enforcement. It is noted the decision of the ECHR “Volokhi against Ukraine” dated November 2, 2006. It is concluded that the judicial review of the investigative actions should also include the application of the ECHR practice, and application of ECHR in the activities of the investigating judge at the pre-trial investigation stage is a prerequisite for respect for the rule rights in criminal proceedings and the strategic task for Ukraine. Key words: European Court of Human Rights, court control, criminal proceedings.
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