In order to increase the efficiency of composting the organic component of solid municipal waste as a highly effective biotechnological method, and to compare the characteristics of the processes, it is suggested to use soil as an inoculum, as a microbiological additive - an extract from the soil. The original compost mixture is a multicomponent system, the decomposition and transformation of which depends on the functioning of a microorganisms complex, in particular, fungal and bacterial microflora. Since the main component of the organic fraction is cellulose, it is expedient, along with the definition of the total number of the microflora bacterial and fungal components, to determine the number of cellulose-decomposing microorganisms. An estimation of the change in the compost mixtures’ microbial population has been made, which shows that bacteria dominate over fungi in compost mixtures. A similar microbial complex is observed in soils. The article presents the results of the study of the soil microbiocenosis qualitative and quantitative composition in order to use it as an inoculum in the process of composting the organic part of solid municipal waste. The influence of microbiological additive on the process of the organic waste composting for acceleration in mesophilic and thermophilic temperature regimes with controlled parameters was studied. The results of the conducted studies allow us to conclude that the organic waste composting with the microbiological additive is appropriate, both in the case of thermophilic and in the case of mesophilic regimes. The period of the compost maturation with the use of a microbiological additive is 6 weeks. It was shown that the microbiological complex accelerates the process of composting the organic component of solid municipal waste by 3.3 times for the thermophilic regime and by 2.1 times for the mesophilic conditions of composting process, which testifies to the efficiency of its use in the operation of the solid municipal waste processing in order to improve the general level of environmental safety.

The work is devoted to the research of the enzymatic destruction process of solid waste of the primary winemaking enterprises the introduction of advanced technology of their utilization and creation of optimally balanced feed additive. The processing of grapes produces waste, the storage and accumulation of which in environmental components leads to the loss of valuable resource in the composition of waste and leads to the creation of increased levels of environmental hazards. Enzymatic degradation of cellulose in the composition of waste by the cellulase enzyme through the microorganisms' action is the basis of the biotechnological process. To implement this process, it is necessary to determine the main parameters and modes of the bioconversion process, investigation of which the study is devoted. The basic characteristics of the enzymatic degradation process were determined and data were obtained for the technology improvement of solid waste utilization of the wine industry enterprises. Comparative analysis of bioconversion of different types of waste proves that the cellulose enzymatic degradation is the most effective for the grape pomace in the waste, allows us to obtain valuable feed additive and reduce the environmental danger level.

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Aerobic composting is one of the best available technologies for an integrated waste management system in terms of minimizing the anthropogenic impact on the environment, complying with the latest domestic and foreign developments, economic and practical acceptance of the technology. Organic production is rapidly spreading in the world as a holistic system of rational nature management that becomes the basis for the use of modern composting technologies for organic raw materials to obtain a quality product of processing. But composting is characterized by relatively low popularity in comparison with other methods of waste utilization due to a number of its disadvantages, such as a long production cycle and sometimes the unstable quality of a product obtained. Because of this, many studies in the field of solid waste recycling are devoted to methods of accelerating the composting process. This can be achieved in various ways, such as the development of high–performance composting machines and biotic changes (vermiculture, use of specialized crops and biocenoses of microorganisms), or abiotic (temperature, pH, etc.) parameters of the process.The article presents the results of studying the effect of mineral additives on organic waste composting processes, with the aim of its accelerating in mesophilic and thermophilic temperature regimes with controlled parameters. To improve the efficiency of the composting process and compare the features of the processes, the soil was used as a microbiological inoculum, and mineral salts solutions as a mineral additive. The results of the studies allow us to conclude that it is advisable to compost plant waste with a mineral additive, both in the thermophilic and the mesophilic mode. The compost ripening period, with a mineral additive used, is 6 weeks. It is shown that the mineral complex accelerates the composting of the organic constituent of municipal solid waste by 2.2 times in the thermophilic mode, and by 1.4 times under the mesophilic conditions of the composting process, which proves the effectiveness of its use in recycling municipal solid waste to increase the general level of environmental safety.

The article deals with the main scientific priorities of the development of environmental research in Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies under the leadership of the Head of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Technologies, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Krusir G. V. Current priorities of her scientific research are the enzymatic catalysis, digestive (hydrolytic) enzymes, immobilization of biologically active substances, biocorrectors of digestive processes, biotechnology, ecobiotechnology, resource efficiency in the food chain, ecological management, biotechnological methods of recycling of the secondary raw materials of food industry into biologically active additives, determination of environmental friendliness of foodstuffs by chemical methods and non-destructive methods, processes of anaerobic fermentation of waste with the formation of biogas, sewage treatment of food production by the method of anaerobic digestion, technology of processing food industry waste into biologically active feed additives and organic fertilizers.