Pediatric biobanks are an indispensable resource for the research needed to bring advances in personalized medicine into pediatric medical care. It is unclear how or when these advances in medical care may reach children, but it is unlikely that research in adults will be adequate. We conducted the screening for a hypothetic problem in various European and American pediatric biobanks based on online surveys through e-mail distribution based on the Biobank Economic Modeling Tool (BEMT) questionnaire model. Participants in the survey had work experience in biobanking for at least 3 years or more. Contact information about the survey participants was confirmed on the social networks profiles (LinkedIn), as well as on generally available websites. First, we tried creating a model which can show the pediatric preclinical and basic clinical phase relationship and demonstrate how pediatric biobanking is linked to this process. Furthermore, we tried to look for new trends, and the final goal is to put the acquired knowledge into practice, so medical experts and patients could gain usable benefit from it. We concluded that leading positions must take into account ethical and legal aspects when considering the decision to include children in the biobank collection. However, communication with parents and children is essential. The biobank characteristics influence the biobank's motives to include children in the consent procedure. Moreover, the motives to include children influence how the children are involved in the consent procedure and the extent to which children are able to make voluntary decisions as part of the consent procedure.

The aim of our study is to increase the efficacy of treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus by means of improvement of the methods of pharmacological correction on the basis of investigation of clinical-immunologic peculiarities of the disease. Materials and methods: 2 groups of the study were formed. Children received basic insulin therapy. The treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children from the main group were suggested the antiseptic solution “Decasan”; pill of a probiotic action “BioGaia ProDentis” and the immune modulator “Imupret”. Children from the comparative group were treated according to the common scheme. Results: The state of the oral hygiene in all the children after treatment improved considerably. According to PMA index inflammatory process was completely eliminated in children from the main group. A similar tendency was observed concerning sextants with gingival bleeding. In children dental calculus was lacking after treatment. Lysozyme activity in the oral fluid of children after treatment increased approximately 37.50% in the main group, and 16,67 % – in the comparison group. A similar tendency was found concerning sIgА level. Conclusions: Therefore, conducted course of the treatment concerning chronic catarrhal gingivitis promoted considerable improvement of the periodontal tissue in children.

The high prevalence of acute peritonitis, its unpredictable course, and the rapid development of systemic dysfunctions necessitate further study of the disease. It is relevant to use the principle of personalized medicine, which is based on the selection of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive means taking into account the patient's genetic, physiological, biochemical and other characteristics. The paper presents data on the diagnosis and treatment of acute peritonitis in 246 patients who, in addition to standard clinical, biochemical, immunoenzymatic and genetic studies, were conducted to determine the role of proinflammatory cytokines (IL1β) in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory process and the development of its complications. The dependence of the manifestations of inflammation and it’s spread on the concentration of IL1β in the blood and variants of the IL1β gene (‒511C/T), which regulates its secretion, is shown. The processes of peroxidic oxidation, antioxidant protection, unlimited proteolysis, fibrinolytic activity in the implementation of systemic reactions in peritonitis were studied, and their individual variability was shown. On the basis of the conducted research, the stages of surgical interventions, drug treatment schemes and proposed methods of prevention of various complications have been improved. This approach to diagnosis, forecasting the course of acute peritonitis, and the choice of treatment tactics is personalized and provides an opportunity to significantly improve the results of treatment of such patients and reduce mortality. Keywords: peritonitis, genetic studies, systemic inflammatory reactions, prognosis.

Кафедра хірургії (зав.-проф. І.Ю. Полянський) Буковинського державного медичного університету, м. Чернівці ГОСТРИЙ ПЕРИТОНІТ НА СУЧАСНОМУ ЕТАПІ-ПРОБЛЕМИ, ЗДОБУТКИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ Резюме. Узагальнено досвід лікування понад 1200 хворих на гострий перитоніт впродовж 20 років. Для хворих застосована розроблена лікувальна тактика, яка базується на проведених дослідженнях механізмів патогенезу гострого перитоніту. Основою вибору комплексу лікувальних заходів становила запропонована класифікація гострого перитоніту. Наведений комплексний підхід передбачає використання розроблених методів діагностики перитоніту, санації і дренування очеревинної порожнини, визначення життєздатності порожнистих органів травлення, способів накладання швів і профілактики їхньої неспроможності, методів післяопераційного лікування. Застосування такої тактики дозволило знизити летальність при поширених формах перитоніту до 8,67%.

Breast cancers are very heterogeneous tissues constituted by epithelial cancer cells and an abnormal tumor microenvironment – cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), activated adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and others. The aim of the study is to cancer cells and their microenvironment, which behave like a complex and heterogeneous metabolic ecosystem, where cancer cells can reprogram their metabolism as a result of interaction with the components of the microenvironment. The study was based on cancer stem cells (CSC) that were isolated from breast tumors by magnetic separation (AutoMACS). We used spectrophotometric methods for the measurement of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymatic activity. For these experiments, we used breast cancer and normal stem cell lines. Analyses showed that the proportion of BRCA+ CSC cells was in accordance with the relatively low percentages of CSCs in BRCA+ tumors. ALHD was significantly higher in the CSCs-high BRCA+ breast cancer and CSCs-low BRCA- breast cancer cells, compared with the CSCs-low BRCA+ breast cancer. Breast cancer from BRCA mutation carriers harbor more “high-energy” cell sub-populations than “low-energy” and have their more aggressive phenotype. Key oncogenic pathways known to be dysregulated in breast cancer also regulate stem-cell behavior.