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Present work was carried out with a view to develop chemical fingerprints to differentiate the herbal drugs Taxus baccata L. and Abies webbiana (Wall ex D. Don) Lindl. Both the plants are commonly called as Talisapatra in India and having different medicinal applications. T. baccata is native to Europe and A. webbiana is found in India and also used in traditional medicine. Dried leaves of both the plant are morphologically similar and in powdered form it is very difficult to differentiate them and hence there are chances for adulteration and also misuse of the herbs. In this project phytochemical, spectroscopic (UV-Visible, FT-IR and NMR) and chromatographic techniques (HPTLC and HPLC) were applied to obtain the chemical fingerprints of selected herbs. A. webbiana contained higher level of total phenolic compounds (6301.27 mg GAE / 100 g) when compared to T. baccata (977.45 mg GAE / 100 g). UV-Visible absorbance at 577 and 663 nm are unique for T. baccata. FT-IR peaks at 3403, 1030 and 577 cm-1 were unique for T. baccata while A. webbiana exhibited unique peak at 3371, 1059 and 613 cm-1 . NMR signals revealed remarkable difference between chloroform extracts of T. baccata from A. webbiana. HPTLC profile exhibited unique bands with Rf value of 0.11, 0.25, 0.62, 0.68, 0.91 and 097 for T. baccata and A. webbiana exhibited unique spots with Rf value of 0.05, 0.27, 0.38, 0.44, 0.65, 0.72 and 0.93. Unique HPLC peaks for T. baccata were 2.07, 2.28, 4.86, 5.08, 5.97 and 6.86 min whereas A. webbiana revealed unique peaks at 1.90, 2.00 International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Researchand 4.52 min. Chemical fingerprint results obtained from the present work would be useful in differentiating T. baccata from A. webbiana.

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This research work explains the antioxidant and anti-atherogenic effects of selected Siddha polyherbal decoctionssuch as Nilavembukudineer, Kabasurakudineer, NotchikudineerandAdathodaikudineer. Even though all the above decoctions have been used for fever, cold, cough, bronchitis, dysphonea and body pain in Siddha system of medicine, their antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties were notinvestigated scientifically.We have analyzed the polyphenolic content, antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties of decoction of the above-mentioned herbal formulations. The toxicity of the decoctions was also performed in PMBC.Inthe investigated formulations, Notchikudineershowed higher level of total phenolic content (560 mg GAE/100 g), followed byAdathodaikudineer (260 mg GAE/100 g),Nilavembukudineer(150 mg GAE/100 g) and Kabasurakudineer(90 mg GAE/100 g). Similarly, Notchikudineer exhibited strong antioxidant activity in terms of radical scavenging potential against DPPH (IC-50: 2.12 mg/L), followed the Adathodaikudineer (IC-50: 2.27 mg/L),Nilavembukudineer(IC-50: 4.48 mg/L) and Kabasurakudineer (IC-50: 9.29 mg/L).In toxicological study all the decoctions of selected formulations didn’t show any toxicity.Similarly, Nilavembukudineer showed maximum inhibition of lipid peroxidation when compared to other herbal decoctions. Among the investigated Siddha formulations, Nilavembukudineer was found to possess high antioxidant and anti-atherogenic potentials and hence it could be further investigated as anti-atherogenic drug using in vivo model.