Objective: The present study aims to formulate instant granule drink from soursop (Anonna muricata Linn) fruit juice and investigate its antihypertensive effect on Sprague-Dawley rats suffer from level 1 hypertensive disease.Methods: Soursop instant granule was formulated using the wet granulation method, comprising of soursop fruit juice as the main ingredient with the addition of natrium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), citric acid, saccharalose, and maltodextrin as excipient and flavoring substances. The obtained granule, then administered orally to natrium chloride (NaCl)-induced hypertensive Sprague-Dawley rats and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of rats was measured subsequently on the day 4 th , 8 th , 11 th and 14 th Results: The granule obtained from soursop fruit juice has very good physical characteristics, colored white, has fresh sweet and sour taste with the typical smell of soursop fruit. Other physical characteristics of the granule were it has 2.9% water content (<5%), 1.91 % ash content, 3.13 ml/s solubility, 29.3% angle of repose, and stable in the storage at 15 °C for two months. The oral administration of soursop granule significantly decrease the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both male and female Sprague-Dawley NaCl-induced hypertension rats. of treatment. Conclusion:The granule produced from the juice of soursop fruit has acceptable physical features and proved effective to decrease high blood pressure, hence the soursop granule could be produced as an antihypertensive instant fruit drink in an industrial scale to substitute synthetic antihypertensive drugs.

This research was aimed to create aromatic candle, infused with cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) bark essential oil, which is a potential repellant for house fly (Musca domestica).  The distillation of akar wangi samples was carried out at the Spice and Aromatic Research Unit by vapor distillation method for 9-12 hours. The aromatic candles were based on a mixture of solid paraffin and stearin in a 2:8 proportion, respectively, enriched with fragrant root bark essential oils with 5 formulas, namely F1 (placebo), F2 (fixative), F3 (1% essential oil), F4 (2% essential oil), and F5 (3% essential oil).  The repellency test was carried out by inserting 20 house flies in a of 50x50x50 cm container that contains a lighted aromatic candle according to the doses mentioned above, and shrimp scalps located 15 cm from the candle that functions as a bait. The calculated parameters were the hourly number of flies that were allured to the bait for 6 hours, which were related to the candle’s repellency and the house fly’s preference of candle. The repulsion ability result were 89.724%, 75.28%, 68.06%, 49.17%, 9.72% for F5, F4, F3, F2, and F1, respectively. The result also showed that the F4 sample was the most preferred sample.

Kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) merupakan salah satu tanaman dari famili Lauraceae yang mempunyai potensisebagai antijamur penyebab kandidiasis seperti C.albicans dan C.tropicalis, hal ini disebabkan kulit batang kayu manis mengandung minyak atsiri, flavonoid, polifenol, saponin, dan tannin. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan obat alternatif untuk mengobati penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur C.albicans dan C.tropicalis. Metode esktraksi yang digunakan adalah refluks, menggunakan pelarut yang kepolaran berbeda yaitu n-Heksan (non polar), etil asetat (semi polar), dan etanol 96% (polar). Ekstrak yang diperoleh selanjutnya dilakukan skrining kualitatif untuk kandungan flavanoid, alkaloid, tanin, polifenol dan saponin, diuji daya antioksidanya dan dilakukan penetapan kadar polifenol. Pengujian aktivitas antijamur dilakukan dengan menentukan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dengan metode dilusi agar dan pengujian Lebar Daerah Hambat  (LDH) menggunakan metode difusi kertas cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelarut etanol 96% menunjukan kadar polifenol tertinggi yaitu 3,89%  dan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik yaitu 66,29 mg/L, kstrak n-heksan mempunyai nilai KHM terbaik 2% dan LDH terbaik pada konsentrasi 8% dengan nilai rata-rata 16.30 mm±0.28 terhadap pertumbuhan C.albicans dan 15.66 mm ± 0.28 terhadap C.tropicalis.

Infection is a type of disease that affects many residents of developing countries, including Indonesia. One pathogenic bacteria that is quite dangerous and causes skin infections both sporadically and endemically is S aureus. Several studies intensively report that some of the Asteraceae, Clusiaceae and Phyllanthaceae family plants contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins that have potential as antibacterial S aureus. Therefore, this study aims to identify effective plants to deal with infections caused by S aureus bacteria. To this end, the ingredients used are the leaves of G. procumbens, E. scaber, G. mangostana, G atroviridis, G. xanthochymus, leaves and bark of A. neurocarpum. Plant material extraction was done by maceration using 90% ethanol solvent. Next, an antibacterial test was conducted, which was begun by testing the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration followed by testing the Obstacle Area Width. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration test was carried out using the agar dilution method, and the Obstacle Area Width test was carried out with paper diffusion discs. The results showed that all the plants have potential as antibacterials, and the mangosteen leaf extract has the largest Obstacle Area Width of 5.1 mm with a concentration of extract of 30% and a fairly strong inhibitory ability.

Cinnamomum burmanni has antifungal and antibacterial properties, including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and essential oil content of cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and safrole. This study aims to determine the antibacterial properties against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus, antifungal properties against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis, antioxidant, and flavonoid content of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) extracts from C. burmanni bark. This study began with the MAE extraction of C. burmanni, followed by qualitative phytochemical tests on the alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoid groups. Furthermore, using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method, a quantitative phytochemical test was performed to determine the levels of flavonoids. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) method was used for the antioxidant test, the agar dilution method for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the paper disc diffusion method for the width of the inhibitory area (LDH). The positive antifungal control was nystatin, while the antibacterial control was amoxicillin, and both negative controls were 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The antifungal and antibacterial components were found to be 3% n-hexane extract from the bark of C. burmanni, with an inhibitory area width (IAW) of 13.83 mm. The best antioxidant results were the ethanol extract with a very active category IC50 of 8.533 ppm, 5.90%, and the highest ethanol extract containing flavonoid test results.