Objective: To determine the association of hyperuricemia with adverse pregnancy outcomes in terms of low birth weight at term pregnancy registered at CMH Lahore. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of CMH, Lahore Pakistan, from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019. Methodology: A total of 60 pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy were included in the study. Patients with serum uric acid levels greater or equal to 360 umol/L were included in Group-A or the at-risk Group, and Patients with serum uric acid levels less than 360 umol/L were included in Group-B or the control Group. All women were followed till the delivery. Data regarding adverse pregnancy outcomes (low birth weight) was noted. Results: Mean Serum uric acid levels of 380.33±12.92 umol/L in the Exposed Group and mean Serum uric acid levels of 265.66±29.44 umol/L in the Control Group were noted. Low birth weight was seen 12 (40%) in Exposed Group as compared to 7(23.3%) in Unexposed Group (p=0.165) (RR=1.71). Conclusion: Low birth weight at term was not associated with hyperuricemic pregnancy more than normouricemic pregnancy in our study, probably due to the small sample size.

Objective: To determine the frequency of perinatal depression in pregnant women utilizing Edinburgh Postnatal depression scale (EPDS). Study Design: Cross-sectional study Settings: Out-patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Combined Military hospital, Lahore. Duration of study: 1st November 2018 to 30th April 2019 Total 254 patients were selected. Patients were questioned according to EPDS scale and information recorded on prescribed form. Data was stratified for age, parity, gestational age, education level, and income group. Pregnant women with an EPDS score of ≥9 were considered to be suffering with depression. Results: In this present study a total of 254 women were interviewed for perinatal depression. The mean age of the patients was 27.64 ±8.89 years with minimum and maximum ages of 20 years and 34 years respectively. The mean gestational age of the patients was 38.31±2.16 weeks with a minimum and maximum gestational age of 37.40 and 40.02 respectively. In the study a total of 254 women were assessed for perinatal depression. 19.2% of women were found to be suffering from perinatal depression. Conclusion: “The results of our study demonstrate that, both antepartum and postpartum depression, in pregnant women are significantly prevalent.” Keywords: “Edinburgh Postnatal depression scale (EPDS), perinatal depression, low-income countries (LIC), high-income countries (HIC).”

Objective: To determine the association of preeclampsia and vitamin D deficiency. Study design: Cohort study. Place and duration of study: Gynecology Department, Khwaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, during 01-07-2018 to 31-12-2018. Material and Methods: In this study the pregnant females irrespective of their gravida and parity status and having gestational age more than 20 weeks were included. The cases that had vitamin D level lower were labelled as cases and those with normal levels as controls. They these cases were followed monthly until delivery and during this period they were followed for protein urea and BP to label pre eclampsia. Results: In this study 100 cases were selected. 50 in each group. Mean age in case and control group was 29.57±4.57 vs 28.43±3.79 years and mean duration of gestation at presentation was 26.43±5.11 vs 27.42±5.23 weeks. There were 39 vs 41 multigravida and 37 vs 38 uneducated females in cases and control group respectively. Preeclampsia was seen in 4 (08%) of control and 14 (28%) cases with odd ration of 4.47 (1.35 to 14.75) with p value 0.01. Conclusion: There is significant association of low vitamin D level and risk of pre eclampsia. Key words; pre eclampsia, vitamin D, Hypertension.

Objective: To identify evidence of success or otherwise of measures like dissertation to promote high quality medical research in the students undergoing postgraduate specialty training despite of many efforts, the quality of medical research in the country remains in turmoil and unrest prevails in the medical community as well. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Lahore Pakistan, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2018. Methodology: This study was conducted by using Google forms, interviewing the college’s affiliates, which include supervisors, fresh graduates and current trainees using a structured questionnaire, to get an idea of the participants’ view regarding magnitude of the problem, its causes and possible solution. Results: A total of 94 participants responded to the online questionnaire. Among these, 34 (36%) fell in the age group 29-34 years, followed by 19 (20.2%) in the age group 35-40 years. Among the participants, 56 (59.6%) were females. Sixty-six (74%) participants agreed that dissertation writing was not an effective tool in promoting research culture in the country. Conclusion: The current system of Dissertation-writing is not efficient in promoting research skills of the postgraduate trainees and systemic improvements are urgently needed, which would also brighten the image of medical education in the country.