S aat ini telah terjadi perubahan di KBU, pembangunan yang semakin luas dan cenderung tidak terkendali, sehingga mengakibatkan penurunan daya tampung, daya dukung dan daya lenting KBU sebagai kawasan resapan air. Pada kenyataannya KBU khususnya daerah Ledeng sebagian lahannya digunakan oleh pengembang untuk membangun kompleks perumahan. Sehingga KBU dan kawasan lainnya seperti Dago, Punclut dan lainnya terancam akan beralih fungsi dari kawasan konservasi menjadi kawasan pemukiman. Akibatnya, telah terjadi alih fungsi di kawasan tersebut yang akan berdampak seperti banjir dan tanah longsor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis-normatif, memaparkan teori tentang perizinan dan tata ruang serta pembangunan berkelanjutan dikaitkan dengan kasus alih fungsi ruang. Dari hasil penelitian ini dilihat dari kasus-kasus yang ada di KBU, kebanyakan ialah apartemen dan hotel yang telah memiliki izin tetapi ternyata tidak memiliki rekomendasi gubernur. Hal ini harus menjadi perhatian para pemberi izin karena dalam Pasal 54 Peraturan Daerah Jawa Barat Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 tentang Pedoman Pengendalian Kawasan Bandung Utara sebagai Kawasan Strategis Provinsi Jawa Barat dijelaskan perlunya rekomendasi dari gubernur untuk mendapatkan izin. Hal ini menjadi masukan bagi pengambil kebijakan dalam penaatan hukum lingkungan yaitu lebih berhati-hati dalam mengeluarkan izin sehingga dapat mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan.

The purpose of this paper is that the author tries to explain the birth of the concept of risk-based licensing (RBA) in Indonesia which is regulated in Government Regulation Number 5 of 2021. The author elaborates on the transformation of the concept of risk-based approach license and its role in replacing the previous licensing concept. The author also analyzes this policy more deeply through the ROCCIPI Method to find weaknesses and provide recommendations. Licensing in Indonesia so far still has many weaknesses, including regulations that are not yet harmonious, the difficulty of licensing bureaucracy, and low investment realization. With this, the government carried out deregulation and debureaucratization to give birth to licensing reform in Indonesia. The government introduced a new licensing concept called the Risk-Based Approach or RBA which changed the licensed-based concept to risk-based. Based on the scope of research, in writing this manuscript, the author uses a normative juridical research method. The conclusion that comes from this paper is that the RBA is a bold step taken by the government, and so far it has had a good impact in terms of accelerating the issuance of permits. On the other hand, there are still many components that need to be maximally improved by the government such as the readiness of the OSS RBA system, readiness of human resources, and also improving the quality of public services so that licensing reform in Indonesia is not just an idea but can be fully realized through this regulation.

For the first time, the President's Letter in the formation of law was sued by the Administrative Court. This study is intended to determine the authority of the Administrative Court in examining the President's Letter on the Job Creation Bill. The research method uses a normative juridical method using a law approach and a case approach. Based on the results of the research, it is known that the Administrative Court lacks absolute authority to investigate the Presidential Letter on the Job Creation Bill because the Presidential Letter does not meet the requirements specified in the law to qualify as the object of the TUN dispute, namely the state administrative decision (KTUN)/Beschikking. It can also be seen, that even if the decision of the Administrative Court or the court of appeal and cassation within the framework of Judicial Activism accepts and grants the lawsuit of the President's Letter regarding the Job Creation Bill, the decision cannot have direct implications for the invalidity of the validity/legitimacy of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation because the cancellation of the validity/legitimacy of a law is not under the authority of the Administrative Court, the PT-TUN includes the Supreme Court, but the authority of the Constitutional Court through material and formal examinations. The Job Creaton Act is still regarded as legal and binding if the Constitutional Court does not invalidate it. Keywords: Administratif Court; authority; examine; presidential letter.

ABSTRAK Kemacetan sebagai akibat parkir liar di Jakarta diatasi oleh Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta melalui pembentukan kebijakan menguasai garasi bagi pemilik kendaraan bermotor dalam Peraturan Daerah Provinsi DKI Jakarta No. 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Tranportasi. Kebijakan ini mewajibkan pemilik kendaraan yang tidak memiliki garasi sendiri untuk menguasai lahan tertentu sebagai tempat parkir kendaraannya. Keterbatasan lahan parkir di Jakarta mendorong masyarakat setempat dan Dinas Perhubungan Provinsi DKI Jakarta untuk mencari solusi lain atas diterapkannya ketentuan menguasasi garasi dengan mengadakan garasi bersama atau garasi komunal. Keberadaan garasi bersama sudah menyebar di berbagai daerah di Jakarta namun belum ada ketentuan yang mengatur secara resmi keberadaan garasi bersama tersebut sebagai pemenuhan syarat menguasai garasi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis sosiologis yang bertujuan menemukan prosedur atau mekanisme paling tepat yang dapat dipergunakan untuk mengkoordinasikan keberadaan garasi bersama terutama dalam kedudukannya sebagai pemenuhan syarat menguasai garasi.Kata kunci: garasi; kebijakan; transportasi; perizinan; parkir. ABSTRACT Congestion as a result of illegal parking in Jakarta was overcome by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government through the establishment of a garage master policy for motor vehicle owners in the DKI Jakarta Provincial Regulation No. 5 of 2014 concerning Transportation. This policy requires vehicle owners who do not have their own garage to control certain land as a vehicle parking lot. The limited parking space in Jakarta has encouraged local communities and the DKI Jakarta Ministry Of Transportation to look for other solutions to the application of provisions to control garages by holding joint garages or communal garages. The existence of a shared garage has spread in various areas in Jakarta, but there is no provision that officially regulates the existence of the joint garage as fulfillment of the mastery of the garage. This research is a sociological juridical study that aims to find the most appropriate procedure or mechanism that can be used to coordinate the existence of a shared garage, especially in its position as a fulfillment of mastering the garage.Keywords: garage, licensing, transportation, parking, policy.