No abstract

Plastic food containers and bags are classified as the most dangerous food and water contaminants around the world, because of the possibility to transfer the chemicals from it to food as a result of heating. Therefore this study was aimed to estimate the chemical pollutants (heavy metals included lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and zinc) that transfer from plastic food containers and bags to food. Thirty food containers (15 packages and 15 bags) synthesized from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) were purchased from the local market in Baghdad. Cut each into small equal pieces (0.5×0.5) cm and placed in a thermo glass containers then submerged 3 food solution (D.W, 3%, acetic acid, and olive oil). Two thermal treatments were done on it; the first one was carried out by boiling on a hot plate surface for 10 and 15 minutes, and the second by heating in microwave for 5 and 10 minutes, heavy metals were estimated by using Atomic Absorption technique. The results showed the significant difference between the concentration of the elements at level (p<o.o5) in these treatment. Also transfer of heavy elements at zero time was very small percentage and insignificant, and the concentration of heavy metals in three solutions were increased as C>B>A after treated with two thermal treatment. The concentration of all heavy elements in this solution after heating for 10 minutes and heating in microwave for 5 and 10 minutes. Were higher than the acceptable limits by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Commission (EU).

The study aimed to evaluate the information label of some local pickle products and estimate sodium benzoate therein. 85 samples of locally made pickles were collected from Baghdad city markets and randomly from five different areas in Baghdad it included (Al-Shula, Al-Bayaa, Al-Nahrawan, Al-Taji, and Abu Ghraib), which were divided into groups P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5, respectively, according to those areas, samples information label was scanned and compared with the Iraqi standard specification for the information card of packaged and canned food IQS 230, the results showed that 25.9% of the samples were devoid of the indication card information, 32.9% matched and 41.20% did not match, and 71.8% of the pickled samples gave a positive test result when the qualitative detection of sodium benzoate, this indicates that it is used to preserve the product , as for 28.2%, the result was negative, the average concentration of this substance for the samples for groups P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 was 1704,23, 973,67, 995,81, 1216,27 and 1142,19 mg/kg respectively, 40.98% of the samples analyzed in which the concentration of sodium benzoate exceeds the permissible limit of 1000 mg/kg that was determined by the Iraqi standard specification for pickles IQS 1128.

Milk and dairy products are essential and basic food nutritional factor in the diet of human with high value as a portion of healthy food, and one of the most important causes of food poisoning is contamination of milk and milk products with micro-organisms. Therefore, this study was prepared to detect the contamination of dairy products with serratia marcescens that produce prodiginine pigment in milk and dairy products, Samples of (pasteurized milk, fermented milk drink, and cheeses with high moisture) obtained from various common establishments, such as supermarkets, dairies, and bakeries, from city of Baghdad during 2019 and examined for the presence of s. marcescens, From a total of 60 isolates, thirteen (21.6%) Isolates that presenting pinkish or reddish color were identified by Microgen TM GnA+B-ID System then confirmed with PCR using 16SrRNA gene with 1500-bp. Seventeen antibiotics belonging to 11 classes, were used to determination of antimicrobial resistance profile, all isolates demonstrated at least one antibiotic resistance from the 17 tested. The most frequently observed resistance was to Cephalothin, was observed in 100% of the isolates. The antibacterial activity of both aqueous plant extracts for garlic and ginger inhibited the growth of the tested isolates. The largest inhibition zone diameter was 42 mm that watched with ginger with concentration of 1000%, compared with garlic that given 38mm. While the lowest inhibition haloes diameter against S. marcescens with concentration of 250% was 23mm with ginger and 22mm with garlic and the MIC was 12.5 mg/mL.

اجريت هذه الدراسة للتحري عن مدى تلوث المثلجات اللبنية المتواجدة في أسواق مدينة بغداد ببكتريا Listeria monocyogenes (L.)   من خلال فحص 50 عينة منها ( محلية ومستوردة) خلال شهري تموز وآب لسنة 2015، شخصت مبدئياً بطريقة التخطيط على وسط آكار PALCAM (Polymyxin Acriflavin Lethium Chloride Ceftazidime  Aesculin Mannitol Agar)   وهو من الأوساط الصباغية الانتقائية التفريقية لبكتريا L. monocyogenes. شخصت العزلات لتأكيد عائديتها الى  L. monocyogenes تحديداً بالاعتماد على الصفات المظهرية والأختبارات الكيموحيوية التقليدية المتضمنة فحص الكاتليز والاوكسيديز وفحص الحركة  وفحص تحلل الدم، فضلاً عن إستعمال تقنيات تشخيصية حديثة تمثلت بكل من API Lesteria KIT والمتكون من 10 اختبارات كيميوحيوية وتقنية CLEARVIEWTM التي تعتمد على تفاعل الأضداد في هذه البكتريا وخصوصاً flagella antigen كاحدى الطرائق المتقدمة في الكشف عنها. أظهرت النتائج تواجد بكتريا  L. monocyogenes بنسبة  6% في المثلجات المحلية المغلفة وغير المغلفة بطرائق العزل والتشخيص التقليدية، في حين بلغت نسبة عائديتها 4 % في نفس المنتجات عند إستعمال تقنيتي  API Lesteria KIT و CLEARVIEWTM ، كما خلت هذه البكتريا من المثلجات المستوردة بالطرائق المشار إليها.