The present study is aimed at the overall improvement in the efficacy, reduced toxicity and enhancement of therapeutic index of cisplatin. Solid lipid nanoparticulate delivery system of cisplatin has been developed by microemulsification method by using stearic acid, soy lecithin 95% and sodium glycolate. The formulations were then characterized with respect to size and its surface morphology, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release profile, in vivo drug targeting studies and its stability under specific conditions. The formulated solid lipid nanoparticles were oval with a diameter ranging from 250 nm to 500 nm. The lowest entrapment efficiency was found to be 47.59% and highest was found to be 74.53%. The zeta potential was in the range of -9.8 to -11.2 mv. In vitro release study was analyzed using various mathematical models. Highest cumulative percent drug release was observed with F-1 (97.22 %) and lowest with F-4 (78.43%) in 16 h. The in vivo result of formulated solid lipid nanoparticles of cisplatin reveals that the drug is preferentially targeting to liver followed by brain and lungs.

Gemcitabine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were produced by double emulsification technique using stearic acid as lipid, soy lecithin as surfactant and sodium taurocholate as cosurfactant. Prepared nanoparticles are characterized for particle size and surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Particle yield, entrapment efficiency and zeta potential were also determined. In-vitro release studies were performed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.4 using metabolic shaker. The formulation F6 with maximum entrapment efficiency 72.42% and satisfactory in-vitro release was selected. In-vivo tissue distribution to liver, spleen, lung, heart and kidneys of optimized formulation followed by stability study under specific conditions were also determined. This investigation has shown preferential drug targeting to liver followed by spleen, lungs, kidneys and heart. Stability studies showed no significant change in the particle size followed with very slight decrease in entrapment efficiency at 25 AE 2 C/60 AE 5% RH over a period of three months.

Buccoadhesive buccal delivery systems for isosorbide dinitrate in the form of unidirectional buccal films were developed and characterized for improving bioavailability. The films were formulated by solvent casting method using different bioadhesive polymers like Carbopol 934P and polyvinyl pyrrolidone by using two different plasticizers propylene glycol and diethyl phthalate. Unidirectional release was achieved by preparing composite films with backing membrane. The films were characterized on the basis of their physical characteristics, bioadhesive performance, and other parameters. In vitro studies revealed that release rate of isosorbide dinitrate was higher from carbopol films containing ratio of Eudragit RL100 and polyvinyl pyrrolidine in proportion of 1:2 and 2:1, respectively by using both plasticizers. Drug diffusion from buccal films showed apparently zero order kinetics and release mechanism was diffusion controlled after considerable swelling. All the films exhibited sufficient in vitro bioadhesion strength. Promising formulations were further studied for temperature dependent stability studies. Results of our preliminary experiments indicate that, therapeutic level of isosorbide dinitrate can be achieved using this buccaladhesive formulation.

The poor bioavailability and therapeutic response exhibited by conventional ophthalmic solutions due to rapid precorneal elimination of drug may be overcome by the use of in situ gel-forming systems that are instilled as drops India into the eye and undergo a sol-gel transition in the cul-de-sac. The present work describes the formulation and evaluation of an ophthalmic delivery system of an antibacterial agent, gatifloxacin, based on the concept of ionactivated systems. Sodium alginate was used as the gelling agent in combination with hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (Methocel E50LV), which acted as a viscosity enhancing agent. The developed formulations were therapeutically efficacious, stable, non-irritant and provided sustained release of the drug over an eight hour period. The developed system is thus a viable alternative to conventional eye drops. The landscape of ophthalmic drug delivery is highly one of the most interesting and challenging endeavors. competitive and rapidly evolving. New classes of The anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of the eye pharmaceuticals and biologics are fuelling the demand for render this organ exquisitely impervious to foreign novel drug delivery systems. Ophthalmic drug delivery is substances. The challenge to the formulator is to circumvent the protective barriers of the eye without

Pregnant and breast-feeding patients, those with severe liver/renal insufficiency, those on long term follow up prior to the commencement of the study or patients and /or their caregivers unwilling to provide written informed consent were excluded. Relevant medical data were obtained by personal interview of communication with patients and/or their caregivers, examination of electronic medical records and assessment using validated questionnaires. Secondary stroke preventionPatients were evaluated on their first visit after discharge (7±3 days) for baseline knowledge and awareness regarding the disease using locally prepared validated questionnaire and medication adherence using Morisky Medication Adherence 8item scale. [10][11][12] and reassessed during follow up visit. The patients were provided with stroke education