Bankruptcy is a phenomenon that will adversely affect the continuity of a company. Before filing for bankruptcy, a company usually will enter a phase called financial distress, which is an early warning and signal of a company before it goes bankrupt. This research aims to examine the effect of Good Corporate Governance and managerial skills on managing the company that includes the management of Intellectual capital and operating cash flow, on financial distress which is measured by modified Altman Z-Score. This research is quantitative research using panel data. The analysis on this study was conducted on 31 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange under infrastructure sector during the period of 2016-2019 and chosen using purposive sampling method which ended up with 124 observations. This research finds that Good Corporate Governance that was measured by institutional ownership, independent commissioner, and Gender diversity and Intellectual capital that was measured by VAIC do not affect financial distress. Meanwhile, operating cash flow negatively affects financial distress. Kebangkrutan merupakan fenomena yang berpotensi memengaruhi kelangsungan sebuah perusahaan. Sebelum sebuah perusahaan memasuki kebangkrutan, perusahaan akan terlebih dahulu memasuki fase financial distress yang merupakan gejala awal dan sinyal dari perusahaan yang akan mengalami kebangkrutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan kemampuan manajemen dalam mengelola perusahaan yang meliputi pengelolaan atas Intellectual capital dan arus kas operasi, terhadap financial distress yang diukur dengan Altman Z-score modifikasian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data panel. Analisis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 31 perusahaan sektor infrastruktur yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2016-2019 dan dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh 124 observasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa GCG yang diproksikan dengan kepemilikan institusi, komisaris independen, dan Gender diversity serta Intellectual capital yang diproksikan dengan VAIC tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap financial distress. Di sisi lain, arus kas operasi memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap financial distress.
Reformasi pajak dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja memuat ketentuan baru terkait subjek pajak orang pribadi yang cukup berbeda dengan Undang-Undang Pajak Penghasilan, seperti kriteria subjek pajak orang pribadi, pengecualian pajak beberapa penghasilan luar negeri, serta penerapan skema pajak khusus bagi warga negara asing yang telah menjadi subjek pajak dalam negeri. Ketentuan baru tersebut dapat berdampak pada basis pajak penghasilan, pergeseran sistem pajak menuju sistem teritorial, penyimpangan prinsip keadilan akibat perbedaan perlakuan pajak, serta mobilitas sumber daya manusia akibat keringanan pajak yang ditawarkan dalam skema pajak khusus. Penelitian ini menganalisis potensi dampak tersebut menggunakan metode kepustakaan dengan teknik dokumentasi. Faktanya, Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja tidak mengubah narasi Pasal 4 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Pajak Penghasilan sehingga sistem pajak Indonesia masih memiliki kecenderungan terhadap sistem worldwide. Keringanan pajak dalam skema pajak khusus juga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap mobilitas sumber daya manusia, terutama tenaga kerja asing, karena respon mobilitas tidak hanya bergantung pada kebijakan pajak. Kemudian, pengecualian pajak beberapa penghasilan luar negeri dan penerapan skema pajak khusus juga tidak dilakukan secara cuma-cuma, melainkan diiringi syarat untuk menempatkan investasi di Indonesia dan melakukan alih pengetahuan. Dengan demikian, potensi penurunan basis pajak dan penyimpangan prinsip keadilan harus disikapi dengan bijaksana dan berorientasi pada prospek manfaat di masa mendatang. Job Creation Act contains new provisions related to individual tax subjects that are quite different from the Income Tax Law. Those provisions include criteria for individual tax subjects, tax exemptions for some foreign incomes, and the application of special tax schemes. Those provisions can affect the income tax base, shifting the tax system into a territorial system, create injustice issues from different tax treatments, and transform the mobility of human resources due to tax facilities in special tax schemes. This study analyzes those potential impacts using the library method. Stated that the Job Creation Law does not change the sentence of Article 4 Paragraph (1) of the Income Tax Law so that Indonesia still tends a worldwide system. The special tax schemes do not have a significant effect on the mobility of human resources because the mobility response not only depends on tax policies but also on other factors. Then, the new tax exemptions and the special tax schemes are not applied for free but accompanied by conditions to invest in Indonesia and transfer knowledge. Thus, the potential reduction in the tax base and tax injustice issues must be addressed wisely and oriented to the prospect of future benefits.
TAX VOLUNTEERS AND ANNUAL TAX RETURN REPORTİNG OF PERSONAL INCOME TAX. Every taxpayer has the obligation to submit an annual tax return, including individual taxpayers. However, many taxpayers experience problems in reporting, so they need assistance in filling out their annual tax return for individual taxpayers. The tax volunteer program organized by the PKN STAN tax center assists the Banten Regional Tax Office in providing assistance to individual taxpayers at KPP Pratama Pondok Aren. Tax Volunteers Team 9 provides online and offline assistance to taxpayers for 6 (six) days and successfully assists 41 taxpayers until they successfully report their tax returns. Obstacles found included account problems at djponline, application or server problems that were down, and incomplete documents. In the future, it is better to implement this program entirely offline, because it is more effective in terms of communication, it is faster to find out problems that occur and provide solutions.
Pada tahun 2020 realisasi pendapatan daerah Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas adalah yang terendah di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Pajak daerah merupakan komponen penting dalam pendapatan daerah. Sekitar 49% penerimaan pajak daerah Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas berasal dari pajak restoran. Penelitian pajak dan indikator ekonomi makro menggunakan model data series banyak dilakukan pada data tingkat nasional. Penelitian pajak daerah umumnya mengunakan model regresi OLS. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan pajak restoran dan indikator ekonomi makro regional di Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas menggunakan model analisis data time series. Analisis dilakukan atas data pajak restoran dan indikator makro ekonomi regional, yaitu tingkat inflasi, suku bunga, dan produk domestik regional bruto (PDRB) tahun 2012 - 2019. Berdasarkan uji atas karakter data, model analisis yang paling sesuai adalah vector autoregressive (VAR) pada difference. Hasil uji kausalitas Granger menunjukkan pajak restoran dan tingkat inflasi memiliki hubungan kausal dua arah. Pertumbuhan PDRB dan bunga memiliki hubungan kausal searah terhadap pajak restoran. Pertumbuhan PDRB memiliki hubungan kausal searah terhadap inflasi. Inflasi memiliki hubungan kausal searah terhadap bunga.
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