ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as condições de vida e os itinerários terapêuticos de duas populações quilombolas do Estado de Goiás (Almeidas -comunidade rural e Jardim Cascatacomunidade urbana). Foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter quanti-qualitativo, com utilização de questionário familiar, entrevista semiestruturada com informantes-chave e observação participante. Foram feitas quatro visitas em cada comunidade nos anos de 2010 e 2011. Em relação às características gerais das comunidades, elas se assemelham entre si e entre populações de baixa renda em geral devido ao baixo nível de escolaridade, de renda e carência de saneamento básico. Os itinerários terapêuticos mobilizam saberes populares, religiosos e os conhecimentos biomédicos por meio do serviço público de saúde. Em Almeidas, são utilizadas, de forma seguida ou simultânea, a automedicação caseira e alopática. Uma senhora muito conhecida na região é responsável pelos tratamentos caseiros. No Jardim Cascata, os moradores utilizam principalmente a automedicação com remédios alopáticos, e os postos de saúde do bairro frequentemente estão sem profissionais para realizar o atendimento. As redes de apoio familiar são mais intensas em Almeidas do que no Jardim Cascata. Nas duas comunidades, os serviços de saúde estão, frequentemente, fechados devido à rotatividade de profissionais e precária infraestrutura. As duas comunidades apresentam determinações históricas que denunciam a falta de atenção pública e marginalização da população pobre. Palavras-chave: Condições Sociais; Itinerários Terapêuticos; Comunidades Quilombolas. Renata Carvalho dos Santos AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate living conditions and therapeutic paths of two quilombola communities residing in the State of Goiás: Almeidas (rural community), Jardim Cascata (urban community). We conducted a quantitative and qualitative study through questionnaire, semi-structured interviews with key informants and observation of reality. Four visits were made to each community in the years 2010 and 2011. Concerning to the general characteristics, the communities presented a low level of education, low income and lack of basic sanitation. People at those communities mobilize popular, religious and biomedical knowledge in their treatments. At Almeidas, people self medicate using homemade and conventional medication simultaneously. There is an elderly lady who prepares homemade treatments. The people at Jardim Cascata use mainly conventional self-medication. Family support networks are more intense in Almeidas than Jardim Cascata. In both communities, health services are often closed due staff turnover and poor infrastructure. Moreover, the two communities have historical determinations based to a lack of attention from the public sector and marginalization of the poor population.
Fatores de risco cardiovascular influenciam a qualidade de vida e sintomas de depressão Cardiovascular risk factors influence quality of life and symptoms of depression
O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar as estratégias de acessibilidade pedagógica para atender as necessidades educacionais de estudante cego, matriculado na disciplina de anatomia humana de um curso de Educação Física em uma universidade pública, por meio da pesquisa-ação. O estudo foi realizado no primeiro semestre de 2018. Verificou-se a necessidade e construção de peças anatômicas com materiais de baixo custo em diferentes texturas, e utilização de peças anatômicas sintéticas. Os resultados indicam que as adaptações pedagógicas e instrumentais utilizadas foram essenciais ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem do aluno cego, aliado a sua utilização em conjunto com toda turma. O estudante se apropriou do conteúdo da disciplina identificado por meio das avaliações realizadas.
Background: In 5 hospitals in Belo Horizonte (population, 3 million) between July 2016 and June 2018, a survey was performed regarding surgical site infection (SSI). We statistically evaluated SSI incidents and optimized the power to predict SSI through pattern recognition algorithms based on support vector machines (SVMs). Methods: Data were collected on SSIs at 5 different hospitals. The hospital infection control committees (CCIHs) of the hospitals collected all data used in the analysis during their routine SSI surveillance procedures; these data were sent to the NOIS (Nosocomial Infection Study) Project. NOIS uses SACIH software (an automated hospital infection control system) to collect data from hospitals that participate voluntarily in the project. In the NOIS, 3 procedures were performed: (1) a treatment of the database collected for use of intact samples; (2) a statistical analysis on the profile of the hospitals collected; and (3) an assessment of the predictive power of SVM with a nonlinear separation process varying in configurations including kernel function (Laplace, Radial Basis, Hyperbolic Tangent and Bessel) and the k-fold cross-validation–based resampling process (ie, the use of data varied according to the amount of folders that cross and combine the evaluated data, being k = 3, 5, 6, 7, and 10). The data were compared by measuring the area under the curve (AUC; range, 0–1) for each of the configurations. Results: From 13,383 records, 7,565 were usable, and SSI incidence was 2.0%. Most patients were aged 35–62 years; the average duration of surgery was 101 minutes, but 76% of surgeries lasted >2 hours. The mean hospital length of stay without SSI was 4 days versus 17 days for the SSI cases. The survey data showed that even with a low number of SSI cases, the prediction rate for this specific surgery was 0.74, which was 14% higher than the rate reported in the literature. Conclusions: Despite the high noise index of the database, it was possible to sample relevant data for the evaluation of general surgery patients. For the predictive process, our results were >0.50 and were 14% better than those reported in the literature. However, the database requires more SSI case samples because only 2% of positive samples unbalanced the database. To optimize data collection and to enable other hospitals to use the SSI prediction tool, a mobile application was developed (available at www.sacihweb.com).Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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