Residues of carbendazim (applied as benomyl) and captan, applied to pears prior to cold storage, were examined during 6 months of storage. Total carbendazim residues were below the 7 ppm tolerance, initial residues averaging 0.37 ppm, and no reduction of residues was detected during cold storage. In

Samples of human tissues including testes, kidneys, prostate glands, livers, and adipose tissues removed at autopsy were analyzed for pentachlorophenol (PCP) and nonachloro-2-phenoxyphenol (NCPP); the fat samples were also analyzed for other chlorinated contaminants. Electron capture gas chromatography was used to quantitate the residues after isolation and cleanup. Identity of the residues was confirmed by electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry. All tissues analyzed for PCP tested positive with a range from 0.007 ppm (microgram/g) in subcutaneous fat to 4.14 ppm in testis. Residues of NCPP were much lower, ranging from levels below the detection limit to 0.59 ppm in testis. The highest average residues, based on the lipid content of the tissue, of PCP (1.09 ppm) and of NCPP (0.19 ppm) were found in testis followed by kidney (0.95 ppm PCP), prostate (0.84 ppm PCP), and liver (0.59 ppm PCP). Residues of these chemicals in the adipose tissues were on the average about 40 times lower than the residues in the non-fatty tissues. Other chlorinated contaminants found in the subcutaneous fat included hexa-, hepta-, and octa-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins at sub-ppb levels and DDE averaging 2.47 ppm.

Analytical methods have been implemented to measure levels of polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, and polychlorodibenzofurans in pentachlorophenol solutions used in the Boulton wood treatment process. When normalized against the pentachlorophenol (PCP) content, the octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin level was 34% higher in the recirculating PCP solution than in the fresh PCP solution, and in the sludge it was 90% higher. A smaller concentration increase was observed for the heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the recirculating solution, but a similar increase was observed in the sludge.

A general method for determining residues of carbofuran and its major carbamate plant metabolite, 3-hydroxycarbofuran, was modified for the analysis of peppermint hay and oil. The hay was refluxed with acid and carbofuran residues were partitioned into 25% ethyl acetate in hexane followed by Florisil cleanup. The metabolite analysis involved extraction of the hydrolysis mixture with dichloromethane, charcoal-silica gel chromatography, ethoxylation, and Florisil cleanup. The oil samples were diluted with hexane and extracted with water, and the residues were partitioned into dichloromethane followed by ethoxylation and Florisil cleanup. Quantitation was by nitrogen-specific gas chromatography. These methods are sensitive to 0.05 ppm in hay and 0.1 ppm in oil for the parent compound and to 0.1 ppm for the metabolite in both substrates. Recoveries averaged 85%.The insecticide carbofuran (Furadan, 2,3-dihydro-2,2dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl JV-methylcarbamate) is effective for the control of strawberry root weevil (Fumibotys fumalis) larvae and mint root borer (Otiorhynchus ovatus) larvae in peppermint (Berry, 1971). An analytical method for determining this insecticide and its principal metabolite, 3-hydroxycarbofuran (2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl -methylcarbamate), in mint hay and in oil distilled from the hay was needed. A general

Florisil, alumina, and silicic acid were compared for the column chromatographic separation of lipids from chlorinated hydrocarbons. Alumina had the largest capacity per unit volume to retain lipids and oils (0.7 g beef lipid/ 25 g alumina) while eluting dieldrin. Florisil had a larger capacity than silicic acid. Deactivation and elution with a nonpolar solvent gave superior separation over previously used polar solvent elution from activated adsorbents. The effects of temperature, water, and lipid load on the elution of dieldrin were studied. A yellow dye, p-methoxyazobenzene, was found to have a slightly larger elution volume than dieldrin, and is useful as a visible reference material for the elution of chlorinated hydrocarbons.