The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.

ResumoEste trabalho apresenta a composição florística de um brejo-herbáceo localizado em Morada do Sol, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo. As coletas foram realizadas através de caminhadas ao acaso, sendo coletados ramos férteis de angiospermas e samambaias. Foram registradas 125 espécies distribuídas em 56 famílias. A família Asteraceae foi a que apresentou maior riqueza específica com 13 espécies, seguida por Cyperaceae com 12, Fabaceae com nove, Rubiaceae com oito e Poaceae com sete espécies. Das espécies encontradas Melanopsidium nigrum Colla (Rubiaceae) encontra-se na lista oficial de espécies ameaçadas de extinção e 29 são citadas pela primeira vez para vegetação de restinga do Espírito Santo. A presença de 28 espécies invasoras provém de alterações provocadas pela diminuição da área inundável através de aterro e queimadas intencionais com intervalos curtos, que proporcionam alterações florísticas e fisionômicas neste ecossistema. Palavras-chave: riqueza, conservação, macrófitas, restingas. AbstractThis paper presents the floristic composition of a sedge-swamp located in Morada do Sol, Vila Velha, Espirito Santo. Samples were collected through random walks, these being fertile branches of angiosperms and ferns. We recorded 125 species in 56 families. The Asteraceae family showed highest species richness with 13 species, followed by Cyperaceae with 12, Fabaceae 9, Rubiaceae and Poaceae with 8 and 7 species respectively. Melanopsidium nigrum Colla is on the official list of endangered species and 29 other species are first citations for the salt marsh vegetation of Espirito Santo. The presence of 28 invasive species is due to changes caused by the decrease in the flooded area by intentional landfill and burning at short intervals, which promote floristic and physiognomic changes in the ecosystem.

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This study describes and illustrates three new species of Anthurium Schott sect. Urospadix Engl. subsect. Obscureviridia Engl. from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil: A. temponiae Nadruz & Theófilo, A. martinellii Nadruz & Theófilo, and A. erythrospathaceum Nadruz & Theófilo. Information about their conservation status within priority areas of the Atlantic Forest is included, together with distribution maps and an updated key to the species of subsection Obscureviridia.

ResumoLeguminosae é uma das famílias de maior riqueza específica nas restingas do Espírito Santo e Caesalpinioideae a segunda maior subfamília. O Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha (PEPCV) representa um dos remanescentes de restinga mais preservados do estado e uma das áreas protegidas mais bem estudadas, porém estudos taxonômicos ainda são escassos. Este estudo consiste no levantamento florístico-taxonômico de Caesalpinioideae do PEPCV. Foram realizadas coletas quinzenais entre agosto/2008 a junho/2009 para obtenção de materiais férteis. Caesalpinioideae está representada por 13 táxons, reunidos em três gêneros: Chamaecrista, Hymenaea e Senna. O gênero mais representativo em número de espécies foi Chamaecrista. Três táxons são novas citações para o estado do Espírito Santo. Foram elaboradas chave de identificação dos táxons, descrições, ilustrações, comentários sobre a morfologia e a fenologia, bem como a distribuição geográfica das mesmas. Palavras-chave: Espírito Santo, flora, Leguminosae, restinga, taxonomia. AbstractLeguminosae is one of the richest families in the restingas (sandy coastal plains) of Espirito Santo and Caesalpinioideae is the second largest subfamily. The "Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha" (PEPCV) is one of the best preserved remnants of restinga in the state and one of the best studied protected areas, but taxonomic studies are still scarce. This study is a taxonomic-floristic survey of the Caesalpinioideae of PEPCV. Collections of fertile material were carried out every two weeks, between August 2008 and June 2009. Caesalpinioideae is represented by 13 taxa grouped into three genera: Chamaecrista, Hymenaea and Senna. Chamaecrista was the most representative genus, with the largest number of species. Three taxa were recorded for the first time in the state of Espirito Santo. This study presents a key to identification of taxa, descriptions, illustrations, comments on morphology and phenology, as well as their geographic distribution.