Purpose:  This study aimed to analyze the association between family smoking habits at home with the incidence of pneumonia in children.Methods:  This research was a case control study involving 160 children in the district of Bantul (80 with pneumonia and 80 without pneumonia).Results: There was an association between family smoking habits at home with the incidence of pneumonia in children at Bantul. Furthermore, it was found the other variables that had a association with the incidence of pneumonia in children at Bantul District included the use of mosquito coils, nutritional status of children and crowded household. The variables of maternal education, immunization status, income parents, history of exclusive breastfeeding, history of vitamin A, the type of household fuel, the location of the kitchen, the type of house walls and the activity of burning trash were not associated with the incidence of child pneumonia in the district of Bantul.Conclusion: It is necessary to conduct health promotion in all households about the impact of family smoking habits on children, especially in a crowded household. Also, there is need to supervise the family members who have the habit of smoking so the are not smoking inside the house, especially in families with children. It is equally important to repair any lowered nutrition status in children.

Keluarga merupakan unit masyarakat terkecil yang dapat sangat beresiko lebih cepat dalam penularan penyakit TB. Kasus TB anak di antara kasus baru Tuberkulosis Paru di kota Tangerang Selatan yang tercatat sebesar 8,33% menduduki peringkat ke-3 di Provinsi Banten menunjukkan bahwa penularan kasus Tuberkulosis Paru BTA Positif kepada anak cukup besar. Sedangkan angka kematian akibat penyakit TB selama pengobatan sebanyak 19 orang (sama dengan jumlah kematian TB di Kabupaten Serang)  menduduki peringkat 4 di provinsi Banten. Salah satu upaya pencegahan penularan TB melalui kontak antar anggota keluarga adalah dengan melakukan edukasi tentang penyakit TB dalam hal gejala, penularan dan pencegahan penyakit TB melalui PHBS (Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat) melalui media poster maupun leaflet serta Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) dan masker kepada keluarga pasien TB di Kelurahan Bambu Apus, Kecamatan Pamulang, Kota Tangerang Selatan. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan responden tentang peningkatan pengetahuan penyakit TB (71,4%), mekanisme penularan penyakit TB (71,4%), pengobatan penyakit TB (80%) dan cara pencegahan TB dengan PHBS (100%) dengan rata-rata total peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 80,7%. Diharapkan peningkatan kualitas hidup bersih dan sehat dalam upaya pencegahan penularan TB akan semakin meningkat untuk kualitas hidup yang lebih baik dalam bidang kesehatan.

ABSTRACT Pulmonary tuberculosis is a contagious disease that is still a problem in the world of health until now. Pulmonary tuberculosis attacks the lungs caused by Mycrobacterium tuberculosis. Indonesia is included in a country with a high burden of tuberculosis, ranking 4th as a contributor to tuberculosis after India, China and South Africa.This study aims to determine internal risk factors that can cause pulmonary tuberculosis in the Dhuafa population. This type of research is analytical with a case control Study. The sample study was divided into case and control samples totaling 30 people with pulmonary tuberculosis and 30 people non-pulmonary tuberculosis. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate data were analyzed by Chi-Square test with a 95% confidence level. The results of this studied showed that the risk factors that was the caused of the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of ​​Bambu Apus Health Center were a household contact with patient pulmonary tuberculosis. (OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.112-11,017; p = 0.028) and habit of smoking family at home (OR: 4,333; 95% CI: 1,203-15,605; p = 0,020). The education level and occupancy density were variables that have no relationship with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of ​​Bambu Apus Health Center. Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Risk Factors, Dhuafa

BACKGROUND: In anticipation of coronavirus disease (COVID)-19’s transmission peak, Eid-al-Fitr homecoming (mudik) has officially been banned by the Indonesian government interlocal but not local in welcoming this religious Muslim celebration. This local Mudik is held by traveling among regional provinces and is still allowed by each local government, including Java, which has the highest transmission of COVID-19 in Indonesia. AIM: This study aims to present the difference between COVID-19 status before and during local Mudik on Java during Ramadhan with the implementation of large-sale social distancing applied in Jakarta, Indonesia. METHODS: This research was employed by secondary data analysis that was obtained from surveillance data from related authorities, including the Ministry of Health and all local governments of Java, which consisted of four provinces and Jakarta. Incidence and suspect statuses of COVID-19, which were examined in the study, were presented in daily rates with before and during local Mudik in four provinces: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Banten, and Jawa Tengah. RESULTS: The number of positive confirmed patients differed significantly with before and during local Mudik (p < 0.05; mean difference = −/negative values). CONCLUSION: This study’s findings showed that the local Mudik increased the number of COVID-19 cases in four provinces in Java, which these provinces were designated as Mudik destinations by travelers coming from Jakarta during the end of Ramadhan season.

Dismenore primer adalah kejadian yang dialami oleh remaja perempuan, biasanya pada saat haid pertama (menarche), tanpa ada penyebab penyakit tertentu. Penyebab terjadinya dismenore primer adalah karena adanya peningkatan produksi prostaglandin dari endometrium selama menstruasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian dismenore primer pada siswi di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (PGRI) 1 Jakarta Timur. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah potong lintang (cross-sectional), dengan teknik pengambilan sampel proporsional stratified random sampling. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswi SMK PGRI 1 Jakarta dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 201 siswi. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat terdapat 115 siswi (57,2%) mengalami dismenore primer. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur menache (nilai p=0,002), riwayat keluarga (nilai p=0,001) dan kebiasaan makan cepat saji (nilai p=0,000) dengan kejadian dismenore primer. Sementara tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara lama menstruasi (nilai p=0,226) dan aktivitas fisik (nilai p=0,478) dengan kejadian dismenore primer. Disarankan agar siswi SMK PGRI 1 Jakarta Timur mengurangi kebiasaan makan cepat saji mengingat hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kebiasaan makan cepat saji dengan kejadian dismenore primer.