Saluran distribusi berperan dalam aktivitas logistik dari suatu produk pangan. Dalam tinjauan halal, aktivitas logistik erat kaitannya dengan status kehalalan pangan. Kehalalan pangan tidak hanya bergantung pada bahan baku yang digunakan, tetapi juga jaminan bebas kontaminasi dari bahan yang diharamkan sepanjang aliran produk dari titik asal produk hingga ke titik tempat dikonsumsinya produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui saluran distribusi dari produk pangan jajanan anak sekolah berbasis olahan daging berupa bakso, sosis, dan cireng isi daging di wilayah Bogor yang ditinjau dari perspektif kehalalan logistik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan wawancara menggunakan alat bantu kuesioner. Penentuan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, saluran distribusi yang digunakan pada pemasaran bakso, sosis, dan cireng isi daging berturut-turut adalah zero-level channel, three-level channel, dan four-level channel. Semakin panjang saluran distribusi, semakin banyak aktivitas logistik yang dilakukan, dan semakin besar potensi kontaminasi produk halal dengan bahan yang nonhalal.KATA KUNCI: level, logistik, halal, pemasaran, bakso, sosis, cireng isi daging; level, logistic, halal, marketing, meatball, sausage, fried tapioca-filled-with-meat   DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL OF MEAT BASED SNACK THAT IS CONSUMED BY SCHOOL STUDENTSABSTRACTDistribution channels play role in logistic activity of food product. In halal perspective, distribution channels have a strong relation with halalness of food product. The halalness of food product does not only depend on the origin of material but also guarantee of non-halal material free contamination during the product flow from point of product origin to point of product to be consumed. The aim of this research was to define the distribution channel of snack that is consumed by school students in Bogor city including meatball, sausage, and fried tapioca-filled-with-meat related to halal logistic perspective. The method of this research was by interview using questionnaire. Sampling method was by purposive sampling. Based on the result, the distribution channels in meatballs marketing, sausage marketing, and fried tapioca-filled-with-meat marketing were zero-level channel, three-level channel, and four-level channels, respectively. A longer distribution channel makes a greater number of logistic activities and it has a bigger potency of contamination of non-halal material to the halal product.

DNA extraction is needed in the analysis using the Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method because this method identifies nucleic acids. Some extraction methods that can be selected including commercial kits extraction method and phenol-chloroform extraction method. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best quality DNA extract between the two extraction methods. The DNA extraction process produced DNA concentrations between 31.06 - 410.18 ng / ml for the commercial kit DNA extract and 212.60 - 1502.30 ng / ml for the phenol-choroform DNA extract, while the purity of DNA were 1.82-2.02 for commercial kit DNA extract and 1.93-2.02 for phenol-chloroform DNA extract. The concentration and purity of extracts produced from both methods meet the requirements for molecular analysis. The purity and visualization results of commercial kit DNA extract are better than those produced from extraction from the phenol-chloroform method. DNA extract obtained from the commercial kit method was chosen to be used in the amplification stage of the method (LAMP).

Muntok white pepper is the most recognized commodity of Indonesian in the world. One of the diversified products of white pepper is hard candy. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity, chemical, sensory, and microbiology characteristics of Muntok white pepper hard candy. The used experimental design was factorial completely randomized design, with the sucrose – glucose ratio as the first factor with two levels (50:50 and 70:30) and white pepper powder concentration as the second level with three levels (1%, 3%, and 5%). The product selection was based on the hedonic parameters. After getting the selected formulation, some tests were conducted, including antioxidant activity test by DPPH method, proximat analysis, TPC test, sensory evaluation, and energy content calculation. Selected Muntok white pepper hard candy formulation used a 50:50 sucrose – glucose ratio with 1% white pepper addition. It has a moisture content of 3.46%, ash content of 0.89%, fat of 12%, the protein content of 1.95%, reducing sugar of 11.31%, saccharose of 62.93%, TPC of 8x101 colonies/g, low antioxidant activity (IC 50) of 141208.03 mg/L, AEAC of 20.58 mg/100g vitamin C, the percent inhibition of 17.66%, the energy content of 365.44 kcal/100gr. The hedonic test result leads to be like by the panellists (5.57 -7.10 in 10 scales).  Its sensory quality test results were leading to golden yellow (8.31), leading to spicy (5.58), no pepper smell (2.86), and leading to the hard texture (4.34). The selected product has confirmed the Indonesian National Standard of hard candy.

Dalam teknik deteksi molekuler seperti Loop-Amplification Mediated Polymorphism (LAMP) dan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), pembuatan hulu asam deoksiribonukleat (DNA) sangat penting. Ekstraksi fase cair dan ekstraksi fasa padat merupakan beberapa metode ekstraksi DNA yang tersedia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi metode dan produk ekstraksi DNA berdasarkan kemurnian DNA, visualisasi DNA, konsentrasi DNA, dan waktu pemrosesan metode ekstraksi DNA. Metode ekstraksi yang dievaluasi meliputi metode fenol-kloroform (Metode A) sebagai ekstraksi fasa cair dan metode Ekstraksi Surefood kit (Metode B) sebagai ekstraksi fasa padat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Metode A dapat dilakukan pada sampel dengan konsentrasi DNA sangat rendah berkisar antara 7,00 sampai 9,45 ng / μl dengan kemurnian yang baik (1,80-2,10). Meski tidak menunjukkan DNA isolat band pada gel agarosa 1% dan membutuhkan waktu pemrosesan ± 30 jam. Metode B memiliki performa yang baik dalam mengekstraksi sampel dengan DNA dengan konsentrasi tinggi (49,67 sampai 357,28 ng / μl) dengan kemurnian yang baik (1,93 sampai 2,07). Metode ini menunjukkan band untuk setiap sampel DNA pada gel agarose 1% dan membutuhkan waktu ±1 jam. Kedua metode tersebut dapat digunakan untuk preparasi sampel dalam analisis molekuler termasuk tujuan otentikasi halal.KATA KUNCI: fenol, kloroform, Surefood kit, LAMP  DNA EXTRACTION METHOD FOR MOLECULAR DETECTIONABSTRACTIn molecular detection technique such as Loop-Amplification Mediated Polymorphism (LAMP) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), right upstream preparation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is very important. Liquid phase extraction and solid phase extraction are some of DNA extraction methods those are available. The purpose of this research was to characterizedthe method and product of DNA extraction based on DNA purity, DNA visualization, DNA concentration, and processing time of DNA extraction methods. Extraction methods evaluated included phenol-chloroform method (Method A)as liquid phase extraction and Surefood Extraction kit method (Method B) as solid phase extraction. Result showed that Method A could be performed on samples with very low DNA concentrations ranging from 7.00 to 9.45 ng/µl with a good purity (1.80 to 2.10). Although,  it showed no DNA isolates bands on gel agarose 1% and need ± 30 hours processing time. Method B had a good performa in extracting sample with high concentration DNA (49.67 to 357.28 ng/µl) with a good purity (1.93 to 2.07). This method showed bands for each DNA samples on gel agarose 1% and need about ± 1 hour processing time. Both methods can be used for sample preparation in molecular analysis including halal authentication purposes.

Sumedang tofu is one of favorite foods for Indonesian society. But many sellers or producers are not aware to the food safety of sumedang tofu. The aims of this study were to analyze the microbial, formalin, and lead (Pb) contents in ready-to-eat sumedang tofu which were sold in traffic jams area in Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua. The analysis were carried out by Total Plate Count (TPC) testing for microbial analysis, potassium permanganate reaction (KMnO4) testing for formaldehyde analysis, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) method for lead content analysis in the samples. The results obtained for the microbial analysis were sumedang tofu that were sold in the traffic jam areas of Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua contained contaminant above the treshold (1.4 x 105 colonies / gram to 2.2 x 105 colonies / gram of microbes). All of the samples of sumedang tofu were positive containing formaldehyde. Otherwise, there were no lead (Pb) content in all samples regarding to AAS analysis. This study concluded that the ready-to-eat sumedang tofu those were sold in traffic jam area in the Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua were not suitable for consumption because it contained exceed microbial contamination and formalin which are harmful for human health.Keywords : formalin, microbes, sumedang tofu, lead, traffic jam