Genetic diversity is the most important aspect in tomato breeding activities. Better assessment on the diversity of the collected accessions will come up with better result of the cultivar development. This study aimed at analyzing the genetic diversity of 27 tomato accessions by morphological and molecular markers. Twenty seven accessions collected from various regions of Indonesia were planted in the field and evaluated for their morphological traits, and RAPD analyzed for their molecular markers. The UPGMA clustering analyzes, elaborating the combination of morphological and molecular data, indicated that the tomato accessions could be grouped into 5 major groups with 70 % genetic similarity levels. Current study indicated that although many accessions came from different locations, they congregated into the same group. Cherry, Kudamati 1 and Lombok 3 were the farthest genetic distant accessions to the others. Those three genotypes will be the most valuable accessions, when they were crossed with other accessions, for designing a prospective breeding program in the future.

Gamma irradiation to induce mutation in plant has been used intensively since several decades ago.On maize, 275 Gy gamma irradiation has been known to increase genetic variability indicated by its morphological variation. Identification of genetic changes by molecular technique is important to detect mutation on DNA level of the plants.The objective of this research was to identify RAPD marker polymorphism on gamma irradiation mutants compared to their parents. The initial step of the research was to select random primers which could positively amplify the maize DNA. The result showed that among 60 random primers there were 15 primers that positively amplified the maize DNA. Amplification of both mutants and their parents by those 15 selected primers indicated that only 5 primers had polymorphism between mutants and their parents. Polymorphisms on mutant G1, G3 and G6 were detected at one locus, while on mutant G7, G8 and G9 were at two loci.

Chili pepper is one highest economic value vegetable crops in Indonesia. The wet season may adversely influence chili pepper yield in the field due to a high incidence of flower and fruit drop, and it may be more severe when it is combined with high temperature. The objective of this study might be to evaluate growth and yield of six newly developed chili pepper hybrids at three different agro climates during the wet season. The study was conducted in three locations differed mainly by elevation and soil type. They were low elevation (15 m above sea level-asl) with Ultisol, medium elevation (600 m asl) with Inceptisol, and high elevation (1000 m asl) with andosol, during the peak of rainy season, November 2014 to March 2015. In all location, the experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The hybrid genotypes evaluated were H14, H17, H20, H23, H39 and H5, and one commercial hybrid as a check, Dimas. The result showed that at low elevation, the hybrid genotype of H39 showed higher stem diameter, plant fresh and dry weight, the number of fruit and total fruit weight per plant. At medium altitude, H39 showed relatively higher plant height, stem diameter, plant dry-weight and total fruit number per plant than other hybrids did. However, total fruit weight per plant of Dimas and H20 were higher than that of other hybrids. At high elevation, plant height of H23, Dimas, or H39 was relatively superior to that of other hybrids. In term of plant fresh and dry weight, H20, H23, or H17 was superior to other hybrids. However, H20, H17, or H5 showed higher yield than other hybrids did. It seems that H39, Dimas, and H20 were more suitable at low, medium and high elevation, respectively, compared to other hybrids. Growth and yield of chili pepper grown at low elevation were lower than at medium or high altitude. The plant at high elevation produced yield higher than they did at medium altitude.

Development of high yielding and superior cultivars requires information on characteristic of germplasm will be used. Ten curly-type hot pepper genotypes was grown in a completely randomized design with three replication in a low altitude land to determine their morphological characters and to evaluate genetic relationship among them based on their morphological similarities. The study was conducted in September 2015 until January 2016 in Medan Baru experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture, 15 m above sea level.  Observation was conducted on both quantitative and qualitative characters.  The results showed that there were not significantly diferent (?=5%) for plant habitus, leaf shape, leaf tip, leaf edge, leaf shape and seed shape.  Whereas for quantitative variables of stem diameter, number of fruits per plants and fruit length were significantly different, while for the other variables were not.  Cluster analysis with phylogenetic trees in 58% similarity coefficient resulted that the genotypes grouped in to six groups.  Group I consisted of genotype LPK and Ferosa, group II Mario, group III was genotype Laris, group IV consisted of genotype Kopay and Romario, group V KH and L Curup, and group VI included genotype Bogota and Sempurna. The Kopay and Romario genotypes have the closest relationship level of 73%, while Local Payakumbuh and Lokal Curup have the farrest relationship with the coefficient of 35%. From the results of the study it can be concluded that Local Payakumbuh and Local genotypes Curup can be used as parents with the highest probability to have high transgresive segregation or highest hybrid vigor. Keywords: morphological characterization, genetic relationship, curly hot pepper

Tolerance cultivar is a best control measure to reduce losses due to virus attack in the field. Study on growth and yield of new cultivars compared to the commercial ones is an important step in cultivar development. The objective of this research was to evaluate growth and yield performance of inoculated new chilli pepper hybrids by Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) compared to a commercial and similar fruit size one. Twelve new hybrids and one commercial hybrid cultivar 'Prada', as a control, were evaluated in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. In the greenhouse experiment, H23 and H20 showed better vegetative growth compared to the other hybrids and control. Hybrid H17 showed the highest yield, followed by H5, H4 and H6 hybrids.