Aim:The purpose of this work was to study the dynamics of structural manifestations of acute cases of postpartum endometritis in cows.Materials and Methods:The light and electron microscopy methods were used when studying structural changes in the endometrium in case of postpartum endometritis in seven cows. Sections of endometrial specimens for light microscopy, 5-7 µm thick, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and also by Van Gieson’s. For electron microscopy, semi-thin sections were stained with Azur-2 in combination with basic fuchsin, as well as contrasting by lead citrate and uranyl acetate.Results:As a result of the study, we have established the following: Necrobiosis of the epithelial layer of the mucosa, cellular infiltration with shaped elements of blood in the functional layer, swelling of the cells of the uterine gland, and single microbial cells on the surface of the mucosa. We have noted edema of the stroma of the functional layer of the endometrium, swelling of the epithelial layer of the endometrial mucosa, and swelling of fibroblastic and lymphoid cells. Ultrastructural changes in endometrial cells in case of acute postpartum endometritis in cows are accompanied by the destruction of microvilli on the apical surface of the epithelium, an abundance of coccal microflora on the surface of the epithelium, necrobiosis of epithelial cells, and partial edema of the nucleus, and cytoplasm of the histiocyte.Conclusion:We had established that acute purulent-catarrhal dystrophic processes were observed in the structural organization of the endometrium. In the depth of catarrhal mucus on the surface of the endometrium, there was an abundance of bacterial flora, with diplococci being prevalent. In ultrastructural organization of the endometrium, we observed deep dystrophic and necrobiotic processes in the parenchyma and endometrial stroma, as well as exudative processes with a change in the integrity of the microcirculatory bed. Thus, to prevent an inflammatory process from turning into a latent form, it is necessary to detect acute postpartum endometritis promptly using diagnostic methods taking into account the obtained parameters of the dynamics of structural changes in the uterine tissues.

The work is devoted to the essential task of scientific justification of the use of waterfowl meat in the meat products technology. The objects of the study were the white Peking ducks, the muscovy ducks and the mulard hybrid ducks. In the comparative aspect, the gravimetric parameters of the main dressing parts of the duck carcasses, their tissue composition, total chemical composition (moisture, protein, fat, mineral substances), the fractional composition of meat proteins, the content of macroelements (potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus) and microelements (Ferrum, zinc) were studied. The energy value of the duck meat, its functional and technological properties was determined, and the microstructure of the muscle tissue of the breast and thigh parts of the carcass was studied. The comparative analysis showed that the meat of the Peking duck is inferior to the meat of the muscovy duck and the mulard duck in protein content, but exceeds it in fat content. The most significant portion of the muscle tissue is concentrated in the breast and leg quarter. The meat of the Peking duck has a higher caloric content compared to that of the muscovy and the mulard duck. Duck meat is rich in potassium, calcium, magnesium, as well as Ferrum and zinc. Duck meat can be used as a functional raw material because these mineral substances are often scarce in the diet of a modern human. High functional and technological properties of duck meat provide high-quality indicators of the finished product.

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The article deals with the clinical research of cows during the interlactation period, through reviewing their medical histories and the clinical examination of the animals and their milk glands, trial milking and organoleptic evaluation of the secretion. The secretion was evaluated according to its color, texture, smell and the presence of foreign substances. The best therapeutic dosage of Vetom-3, a medicine based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, was determined through the examination of 30 non-milking cows suffering from subclinical mastitis. The probiotic and difumast were injected into the milk glands of the cows diagnosed with subclinical mastitis two weeks prior to the expected calving and in accordance with the examination results received on the 4th day of lactation. After the treatment, the milk was fed to the calves. The evaluation of the change rates of the microflora composition was carried out using calf feces samples. The bacteriological tests of the microflora were carried out using the standard procedures for determining the morphological properties of germ cultures. We ascertained that the use of Vetom-3, a medicine based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RNCIM V-10642 (DSM 24614), for the treatment of subclinical mastitis in non-milking cows allows to increase the efficiency of the treatment, as well as receive the milk of high sanitary quality, increase the survival rate of the newborn calves, and prevent dysbacteriosis and dyspepsy incidence in newborn calves.

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