A biological trial was carried out to investigate the effect of in ovo injection of glucose and egg white protein on the production performance and gut histomorphometry of broilers. 500 hatching eggs with uniform weight (68±1g) were randomly allotted to five treatment groups each with five replicates of 20 eggs each and incubated. The eggs were injected with one of the following nutrient solutions on 18th day of incubation viz. 0.5 ml of 25 % glucose (T3), 0.5 ml of 12% egg white protein (T4), 0.5 ml of 25 % glucose + egg white protein 12% (T5) into the amnion along this100 eggs served as non injected control (T1) and 100 eggs injected with normal saline (T2) which also served as sham control. The hole was sealed and the period of incubation was continued till 21st day. After hatching, 400 chicks were randomized in to five treatments of five replicates each with 16 chicks. Data on hatchability, hatch weight, bi-weekly body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, FCR and villi height, width, crypt depth of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were recorded and analysed statistically for significant difference. Results revealed that in ovo injection of glucose, egg white protein and their combination significantly (P less than 0.05) increased hatchability, chick weight, body weight and livability. However, the feed consumption was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher in glucose, egg white protein and glucose + egg white protein injected birds compared to non injected control and sham groups. The FCR was significantly (P less than 0.05) improved in all in ovo injected groups compared to control and sham. In ovo feeding significantly (P less than 0.05) increased the duodenal, jejuna and ileal villi height, width and crypt depth (P less than 0.01) compared to control birds. In ovo injection of glucose and EWP either alone or in combination improved the productive performance, gut histomorphology and net profit of the broilers.

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Dicalcium phosphate nanoparticles (nano-DCP) were synthesized by physical method using ball mill. The synthesized DCP nanoparticles were characterized by various techniques viz. Particle size analyser, Zeta potential, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive Analysis by X-ray (EDAX). The results revealed that synthesized nano-DCP had particle size between 10-20 nm and zeta potential value of -25.6±2.2 mV. Crystal size of nano DCP analysed by XRD was 29.31 nm. Calcium and phosphorus content of synthesized nano-DCP were 23.22 and 17.67 per cent. Ball milling, a popular physical method and is easy to operate, economic, time saving and higher yield. Based on its bioavailability, the synthesized feed grade nano DCP can be utilized for in ovo feeding of broiler embryos, livestock and poultry feeding.

Swift and early diagnosis of dengue is important for case management and epidemiological purpose. We developed a dengue NS1 antigen specific capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for early diagnosis using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which are generated against monomeric nonstructural (NS1) antigen expressed in E. coli. The mAbs were tested for its usefulness in dengue diagnosis during dengue outbreak in Tamil Nadu, India and compared with routinely used methods like RT-PCR, MAC-ELISA and commercially available NS1 antigen detection kit. The results of the comparative analysis suggest that the raised mAb may be used for the routine screening of suspected sera and also for the detection of dengue virus antigen in field collected vectors (mosquitoes).

Supplementation of antibiotics in poultry diet was banned in several countries due to development of antibiotic resistance. In ovo feeding of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics have gained more attention recently. The present study was carried out in 2018 to investigate the effect of in-ovo feeding of probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic on growth performance and gut microbiome of broiler chicken. On 18th day of incubation, 600 eggs were randomly divided into five treatments each with four replicates of 30 eggs each and were injected with different bio-active compounds, viz. 0.2 ml of Lactobacillus acidophilus 3×107 cfu, 0.5% Mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS), synbiotic (0.1 ml each of Lactobacillus acidophilus 3×107 cfu and 0.5% MOS) along with injected and non-injected controls. After hatch, 400 chicks were sorted out as per treatment with four replicates of 20 chicks each. Birds were reared under deep litter system and fed with experimental diet ad lib. In ovo feeding of Lactobacillus acidophilus, MOS either separately or in combination significantly improved hatch weight, fifth week body weight and gain. However, hatchability, cumulative feed intake, cumulative FCR and cumulative livability were not affected. Improved colonization of Lactobacillus acidophilus and suppressed colonization of Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus in all intra-amniotic groups was noticed. Ileal Mucin-2 gene was significantly up-regulated in the order of MOS, L. acidophilus and synbiotic injected broilers. The results concluded that the in ovo delivery of Lactobacillus acidophilus and MOS either separately or in combination had beneficial effect on growth and gut health of broiler chicken.