Electron microscopy studies were conducted for the fine structure of ion-doped layer on 30ChGSN2A steel obtained by ion implantation of monotectic tin-doped copper–lead alloy Cu64Pb36[Formula: see text]Sn. Formation of a multi-level hierarchical structure was detected. The features of formation of each layer were analyzed, and it was found that the main mechanism of formation of these structures is diffusion and relaxation resulting in the occurrence of internal stresses both in the surface layer and in the sheet of 30ChGSN2A steel. Relaxation of elastic stress fields results in translational–rotational deformation forming various vortex structures.

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The relevance of the study due to the necessity of increase in the wear resistance of the tribological parts from steel 30ХГСН2А through the copper ions implantation. The leading method for investigating this problem is the examination of the implanted layers of the target surface made of steel 30ХГСН2А by means of auger spectroscopy making it possible to review the structure and distribution of the implanted ions comprehensively. The article presents the study results of copper, carbon and oxygen distribution regularities in the surface layers formed during copper implantation into the plates from steel 30ХГСН2А in the impulsive ions source. It has been established that in the process of copper implantation, a carbon layer with a thickness of ~ 50 nm is formed on the surface. It is shown that in the intermediate layer (up to 100 nm), the iron is partly in the oxidized condition. The possible mechanisms of the influence of surface layers structure formed in the result of copper implantation into the steel plate 30ХГСН2А on their tribological characteristics are presented. The article materials are of practical value in developing the technology for wear resistance increase of the various parts of the revolution shape used in aircraft movable joints.

The article presents a study on the implantation of silver titanium alloy VT6. It has been shown that ion implantation contributes to the creation of compressive stresses in the surface layer of the target, which makes it possible to increase the endurance indices of the processed alloy under alternating loads. Ultrasonic processing leads to the formation of a nanostructured layer on the surface of a VT6 alloy target. As a result of ultrasonic impact treatment, the structure of the surface layer undergoes significant changes.

The objective of this work was to study the processes occurring on the surface of VT6 titanium alloy samples when implanting with copper and aluminum ions. Elemental composition, structural-phase state, mechanical and tribological properties of VT6 titanium alloy surface layers modified by aluminum and copper ions was being researched. As can be seen from the undertaken studies, the mode of high-intensity ion-implantation process makes it possible to obtain ion doped surface layers of VT6 alloy containing finely dispersed intermetallic phases and a solid solution of aluminum and copper in titanium of a composition varying in depth. The thickness of the ion-doped layer, the average grain size of the intermetallic phases and their conglomerates increases with the increase in implantation dose while aluminum implantation is in progress. It has been shown that the implantation of aluminum and copper ions into VT6 alloy leads to a considerable increase in its microhardness and wearability. Based on the research results, a conclusion on the positive effect of a structural-phase state of ion-doped titanium layers on their mechanical and tribological properties of VT6 titanium alloy has been drawn.