Background: Smoking impose various ill-effects on the alveolar bone concerning dental implants including reduced bone height, delayed healing of bone, poor peri-implant bone formation, increased bone loss, and peri-implantitis. Aims: The present clinical trial was aimed to analyze the smoking effect on dental implant survival rate as well as marginal bone loss in dental implants. Materials and Methods: Out of 86 patients, Group I had 43 patients who were smokers and Group II had nonsmokers. Following the implant placement, marginal bone loss radiographically and mobility were assessed clinically at 3, 6, and 12 months after implant loading. Results: The mean marginal loss seen in smokers at 3 months was 2.13 ± 0.21, 2.46 ± 0.09, 2.60 ± 0.0.92, and 2.74 ± 0.11 for maxillary anterior, maxillary posterior, mandibular anterior, and mandibular posterior regions, respectively. The 12-month recall visit showed a higher proportion of smokers having implant mobility. In smokers, 13.95% ( n = 6) of the study participants had implant mobility, whereas 6.97% ( n = 3) of the nonsmokers had mobility. Conclusion: Smoking is associated with long-term implant failure which is directly proportional to the duration ad frequency of smoking. Furthermore, smoking has a detrimental effect on dental implants and its surrounding bone.

Background: The dental quality alliance of the American Dental Association developed quality and performance measure concepts (QMCs) for pediatric dentistry to identify variations in care and to improve quality of care. Objectives: This study evaluated the relationship between the proposed QMCs and oral health, measured as caries status. Methodology: Parents/guardians of new patients presenting to the Nationwide Children's Hospital Dental Clinic for a nonurgent hygiene appointment were asked to complete a 10-question survey that reflected the QMCs. An oral examination was completed on each patient to determine his/her caries status. Results: For the majority of the QMCs evaluated in the study, there was no statistically significant difference in caries status between patients who had attended care according to the QMCs and those who had not. Conclusions: From the findings, attending care as outlined by the QMCs may be no better than counting procedures as a measure of quality oral health-care outcomes.

Aim: This study aims to determine the different positioning errors in digital panoramic radiographs in a sample of records collected from the department of oral medicine and radiology. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 500 panoramic radiographs obtained from the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AME's Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, was taken serially (from the year January 2019), and was retrospectively assessed for positioning errors. These positioning errors were assessed by two oral and maxillofacial radiology specialists using a pro forma enlisting the errors. They also evaluated the relative frequency of all different positioning errors. Statistical Analysis: Data were obtained and the kappa value for intraobserver agreement was calculated, which suggested that among the observers, the kappa value represents intermediate to good agreement. Results: Out of 500 panoramic radiographs evaluated by two observers, 86 (17.2%) had no errors, while 414 (82.8%) showed one or more positioning errors. The most common error in our study was found to be head turned to one side (30.8%) and the least common error was patient movement (1.0%). Conclusion: Positioning errors are very common in panoramic radiography. Patient positioning is the most important factor to avoid errors in preventing repetitive exposure to the patient. We all dental professionals must understand the consequence of these errors on diagnostic yield of good radiographs.

Background: Sickle cell disease is the most pervasive autosomal recessive hereditary blood diseases and is characterized by the presence of sickle hemoglobin (HbS), which in turn gives rise to pathophysiological consequences. This HbS reduces the agility of erythrocytes plummeting their ability to pass through small vascular channels, which in turn results in increased blood viscosity and congestion of vascular beds, causing ischemia, local infarction, and hemolysis. Objectives: The current study was conducted to carry out the morphometric analysis in patients with sickle cell disease. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 75 subjects detected with sickle cell disease aged between 8 and 16.5 years. The study involved 38 males and 37 females. All the subjects were subjected to lateral cephalogram for the calculation of various angular and linear dimensions of the craniofacial structures. The linear measurements made were nasion-menton height, anterior nasal spine (ANS)-menton height, and nasion-ANS height, whereas the angular measurements made were Frankfurt mandibular plane angle, Frankfort mandibular incisor angle, and incisor mandibular plane angle. Results: Major chunk of the subjects had retruded mandible and vertical growth pattern. Few subjects exhibited with maxillary protrusion. Conclusion: It is concluded that early diagnosis and management of dental malocclusion in patients with sickle cell disease plays a pivotal role in an attempt to endow with a better quality of life to these individuals.

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