Background: High resolution computed tomography scan can be used as a effective modality for corona virus disease 2019(COVID -19) being a useful alternative to RT-PCR specially in hospitalized and RT-PCR negative patients. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of high resolution CT scan in diagnosis and prognosis of COVID 19 and to see the sensitivity specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive value. We also aimed to compare HRCT findings with RT-PCR in COVID 19 patients to find out the severity, prognosis and staging of COVID-19 corona virus disease. Materials and Method: This cross sectional prospective observational study was carried out in department of Radiology and imaging, Dhaka Medical College Hospital Dhaka ,Bangladesh in collaboration with department of Virology and COVID unit, Dhaka Medical college Hospital , Bangladesh Observations and Results : Total 200 patients were evaluated with HRCT findings and correlated with RT-PCR as gold standard. . Sensitivity was about 96% for chest CT, specificity 66% , PPV 97% accuracy 90% and NPV 62%. Conclusion: HRCT scan of chest is a useful modality for COVID -19 patients for the purpose of diagnosis and response to treatment. It is an important indicator for future prognosis . HRCT can be an important alternative of RT-PCR in symptomatic patients when RT-PCR is negative where facilities are available . It is important for the radiologists and clinicians to be familiar with different manifestations on CT . It will help in management planning for these patients . J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.2, October, 2020, Page 110-115

Background: Mammography is used for the detection of breast cancer. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Mammography in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast mass. Methodology: This cross-sectional type of study was carried out in the Radiology & Imaging department of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, during July 2013 to June 2015. Patients clinically suspected as having breast mass, referred in the above mentioned hospitals and enrolled for surgical management were included in this study. Mammography were done in all these patients and they were followed up from the admission up to the post-operative tissue diagnosis of breast mass in respective pathology departments for histopathological correlation. Results: A total of 41 patients had mass among them, 3(7.3%) cases were malignant and 38(92.7%) cases were benign patients. Histopathological diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma and medullary carcinoma were 8(14. %), 4(7.00%) and 1(1.8%) respectively. Mammography malignant was found 14 cases out of which 10(76.9%) malignant and 4(9.1%) benign evaluated by histopathology. Mammography benign was found 43 cases out of which 3(23.1%) malignant and 40(90.9%) benign evaluated by histopathology. The sensitivity was 76.9%, specificity 90.9%, accuracy 87.7%, positive predictive values 71.4% and negative predictive values 93.0% in mammography. Conclusion: Mammography is highly sensitive, specific, reliable and useful method in the differentiation of malignant and benign breast masses.

Introduction: The prostate is an accessory gland of the male reproductive system. It can be involved by a number of diseases ranging from inflammation to malignant diseases. Most common causes of prostatomegaly are benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, intraprostatic and periprostatic cyst, prostatic adenocarcinoma. Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of Transabdominal ultrasonography in enlarged prostate and compare the USG findings with the histopathological findings. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out in Radiology and Imaging Department of Sir Salimullah medical college and Mitford hospital, Dhaka, from January 2014 to December 2015 with clinically suspected enlarged prostate by department of Urology and referred to the Radiology and Imaging Department for proper evaluation whether benign or malignant by Trans-abdominal ultrasonography before treatment planning and further management. Results: In this study, mean age was 65. 8 years with standard deviation of mean ± 9. 7 years and the age ranged from 50 to 89 years. The most common symptoms associated with enlarged prostate were incomplete emptying 90%, frequency 84%, intermittency 80% urgency, 76%, weak stream, 70% straining 66%, nocturia 60%. Out of 50 patients, histopathological diagnosis of 44 (88%) was nodular hyperplasia, 2 (4%) was nodular hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis and rest of 4(8%) was adenocarcinoma of prostate. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, available, radiation free procedure, which is used as a first line preliminary diagnostic procedure.

This cross sectional study was done to find out the correlation between gray scale & color Doppler sonographic finding of amniotic fluid index, in the department of Radiology & Imaging, Mymensingh Medical College & Hospital from July 2012 to June 2014. Total 120 pregnant women ages in between 18-40 yrs with gestational age between 28 to 40 weeks from OPD or indoor patient was purposively selected. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 20 windows & the significant differences were measured by paired t test & Kappa test for evaluation of AFI in both gray scale & color Doppler Ultrasonography findings. The mean AFI in case of gray scale was 12±4.6 cm (mean±SD) varied from 3.7-38 cm & 10.2±4.4 cm (mean±SD) varied from 2.6-35 cm measured by color Doppler. The mean difference was 1.8±1.2 cm varied from 0-10 cm. The mean AFI was significantly higher (p< 0.05) in gray scale. The level of agreement in 75.8% and comparison of the results shows significant but reliable difference between two modalities. Also a significant positive correlation (r=0.915, p<0.001) was found. So color Doppler Ultrasonography also enhances the detection of oligohydramnios and help in the management of high risk pregnancy.

Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the liver worldwide. Liver cancer ranks third among all cancer deaths in Bangladesh as the clinical presentation is non-specific, the modern imaging modalities can play an important role in the diagnosis of HCC and the radiologist is often the first to suggest the correct diagnosis. With the advent of multi-detector spiral CT, detection and characterization of HCC has markedly improved. Multi-detector spiral CT with its increased spatial and temporal resolution allows multiple perfusion phases of liver to be acquired.Multi-detector biphasic spiral CT techniques have been increasingly promising with respect to accurate preoperative diagnosis and assessment of the extent of HCC. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of biphasic contrast-enhanced spiral CT including Hepatic Arterial Phase (HAP) imaging with Portal Venous Phase (PVP) imaging, in the detection and characterization of HCC. Methods: The study included 35 patients (M=31, F=4) with histopathologically proven HCC. Age range was between 21-75 years (mean=51) by following consecutive patients in whom HCC was diagnosed or suspected either by raised serum a (alpha)-fetoprotein level or byultrasound imaging. Results: Biphasic contrast-enhanced examination in these 35 patients could reveal a total of 65 lesions, out of which 48% were unifocal and 46% were multifocal HCCs. On HAP imaging 92% lesions were detected. (hyper attenuating = 56, hypo attenuating = 4) while on PVP imaging delectability was only 51% (hyper attenuating=2, hypo attenuating=30). Hence delectability was significantly superior in HAP as compared to PVP imaging (p <0.0001, 95% CI 25.2-54.7). In 49% tumor was visible only on HAP images. Venous invasion was present in 11 patients (31%). Conclusion: Biphasic contrast enhanced spiral CT is a useful method in detection and characterization of HCC. Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 61-66