Abstrak: Pertumbuhan Kappaphycus alvaerzii dipengaruhi oleh jumlah klorofil-a, fioeritrin serta faktor kualitas lingkungan perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak tanam yang berbeda terhadap kandungan klorofil-a dan fikoeritrin pada Kappaphycus alvarezii hasil kultur jaringan yang dibudidayakan pada patok dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Perairan Pantai Siwak Desa Gerupuk Kecamatan Sengkol Kabupaten Lombok tengah. Budidaya Kappaphycus alvarezii dilakukan selama tiga puluh hari yaitu pada tanggal 10 Maret sampai dengan 9 April 2020 dengan menggunakan metode patok dasar. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan yaitu perlakuan A (jarak tanam 10 cm), B (jarak tanam 15 cm), C (jarak tanam 20 cm), D (jarak tanam 25 cm sebagai kontrol). Bibit Kappaphycus alvarezii yang digunakan adalah hasil kultur jaringan yang telah diadaptasikan di pantai. Pengukuran klorofil-a dan fikoeretrin dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri dan selanjutnya data dianalisa secara statistik. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa jarak tanam 25 cm (kontrol) menghasilkan kandungan klorofil-a tertinggi yaitu 5,4986 mg/l dengan kandungan fikoeritrin 0,0049 mg/l. Kandungan fikoeritrin tertinggi adalah jarak tanam 10 cm yaitu 0,0057 mg/l dengan kandungan klorofil-a sebanyak 4,7662 mg/l. Jarak tanam 25 cm dapat meningkatkan kandungan klorofil-a yang lebih baik karena dengan jarak tanam tersebut memberikan ruang bagi semua bagian thallus rumput laut K. alvarezii untuk bisa menerima cahaya matahari yang cukup dan sesuai untuk kebutuhannya. Jarak tanam 10 cm memberikan kandungan fikoeritrin yang tertinggi, yaitu 0,0057 mg/l karena terlalu rapatnya jarak ini menyebabkan semakin banyak terbentuknya naungan sehingga mengurangi intensitas cahaya yang masuk ke dalam dinding sel rumput laut. Pada bagian thallus yang sedikit atau tidak menerima cahaya matahari ini diduga terjadi pembentukan fikoeritrin yang lebih banyak sebagai bentuk adaptasi thallus rumput laut pada kondisi tidak mendapatkan cahaya matahari yang optimal. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah jarak tanam mempengaruhi kandungan klorofil-a dan fikoeritrin. Jarak tanam yang ideal adalah 25 cm untuk menghasilkan kandungan klorofila-a yang optimum untuk mendukung pertumbuhan.Kata kunci: Fotosintesis, cahaya matahari, talus, pertumbuhan, unsur hara.Abstract: The growth of Kappaphycus alvarezii is influenced by the amount of chlorophyll-a, phycoerythrin and the quality factors of the aquatic environment. This study aims to determine the effect of different plant spacing on the content of chlorophyll-a and phycoerythrin on Kappaphycus alvarezii tissue culture results that are cultivated on the bottom-off method. This research was conducted in the waters of Siwak Beach, Gerupuk Village, Sengkol District, Central Lombok Regency. Kappaphycus alvarezii cultivation is conducted for thirty days, from March 10 to April 9, 2020, using the bottom-off method. The study design used was a completely randomized design with four treatments, namely treatment A (10 cm spacing), B (15 cm spacing), C (20 cm spacing), D (25 cm spacing as a control). Kappaphycus alvarezii seeds used are the result of tissue culture that has been adapted on the beach. Measurements of chlorophyll-a and phycoerythrin were carried out using spectrophotometry and then the data were analyzed statistically. The results of this study found that the spacing of 25 cm (control) resulted in the highest chlorophyll-a content of 5.4986 mg/l with a phycoerythrin content of 0.0049 mg/l. The highest content of phicoeritrin is a spacing of 10 cm which is 0.0057 mg/l with a chlorophyll-a content of 4.7662 mg/l. A spacing of 25 cm can increase the chlorophyll-a content better because the spacing gives space for all parts of the Kappaphycus alvarezii thallus to be able to receive sufficient sunlight and is suitable for their needs. A spacing of 10 cm gives the highest content of phycoerythrin, which is 0.0057 mg / l because of the too-close this distance causes more shading to form and thus reduces the intensity of light entering the seaweed cell wall. On the part of the thallus that receives little or no sunlight, it is thought that the formation of phycoerythrin is more likely to occur as a form of adaptation of the seaweed thallus in conditions that do not get optimal sunlight. This study concludes that the spacing affects the chlorophyll-a and phicoeritrin content. The ideal spacing is 25 cm to produce the optimum chlorophyll-a content to support growth.Keywords: Photosynthesis, sunlight, thallus, growth, nutrients
Gracilaria salicornia is one of the various types of seaweed that can be commercialized because it has the potential as an antioxidant due to its high chlorophyll-a pigment. The purpose of this study is to the identification of chlorophyll compound of G. Salicornia seaweeds. This identification has been carried out using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. Four compounds have been found, namely xanthophyll, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a, and pheophytin. Xanthophyll was identified with the yellow spot on TLC plates, in which the Rf is 0.55. Chlorophyll b is a yellow-green spot with Rf is 0.60, the Rf of Chlorophyll a is 0,68 with the color blue-green, whereas pheophytin is indicated as a black spot with the Rf 0.73. Chlorophyll a have the maximum wavelength at 430 nm in the blue spectral and 662 nm in the red spectral.
Karotenoid adalah suatu pigmen alami yang dapat ditemukan pada hewan, tanaman dan mikroorganisme, tetapi tidak dapat disintesis oleh sebagian besar hewan termasuk ikan, sehingga harus ditambahkan pada pakan. Salah satu tumbuhan yang potensial sebagai sumber zat warna alami adalah bayam merah (Amaranthus tricolor L). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh penambahan tepung bayam merah pada pakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas warna ikan koi (Cyprinus carpio L). Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan menggunakan pola Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan sehingga diperoleh total 12 unit percobaan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah penambahan konsentrasi tepung bayam merah yang berbeda dalam pakan ikan koi, yang terdiri atas : P0: tepung bayam merah 0% (kontrol), P1: tepung bayam merah 3%, P2: tepung bayam merah 6%, P3: tepung bayam merah 9%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung bayam merah (A. tricolor L) pada pakan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap kandungan karotenoid ikan, peningkatan kualitas warna (uji hunterlab dan uji potoshop), pertumbuhan berat mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi nilai pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, rasio konversi pakan (FCR) dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup (SR). Penambahan tepung bayam merah (A. tricolor L) dengan konsentrasi 9% dapat memberikan kandungan karotenoid sebanyak 54,64 µmol/g, uji hunterlab (L*: 69,84, a*: 20,95 dan b*:37,7), uji potoshop 11,63%, pertumbuhan berat mutlak 2,21 g dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik 0,84 %/hari.
Tilapia is a fishery commodity and plays a role in supporting national food security. The development of tilapia aquaculture needs to be carried out, including the development of feed. Feed fortification with other ingredients can reduce the production costs of tilapia aquaculture. Fortification that can be done includes using seaweed. Seaweed is an algae that is used as raw material in various industries because seaweed has good nutritional content. This study aims to analyze the effect of fortification of fish feed with Gracilaria sp. on growth, survival, feed efficiency and FCR of cultured tilapia. The research method used is an experimental method. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) using four (4) treatments of fortification of fish feed with Gracilaria sp. Seaweed flour. in the cultivation of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with 3 replications, namely the P1 Control treatment (without the addition of Gracilaria sp. seaweed flour) P2 (Gracilaria sp. 4% seaweed flour), P3 (Gracilaria sp. 8% seaweed flour) , P4 (Gracilaria sp. 12% seaweed flour). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significant level of 5% with a confidence interval of 95% and continued with the Duncan test. The results showed that the absolute length growth of tilapia during 42 days of rearing with artificial feeding at various fortification concentrations of Gracilaria sp. Seaweed flour. ranged from 8.43 cm -1.2cm. Fortification treatment of Gracilaria sp. 8% (P3) gave the highest average value of growth in absolute weight, namely 32.17 g. The specific weight growth rate of tilapia ranged from 1.34% / day -1.74% / day. Tilapia FCR ranged from 1.79% -2.31% and the efficiency of feed utilization ranged from 43.37% -56.29%. The survival rate for tilapia ranged from 73.3% -76.7%. The conclusion of this study is the fortification of fish feed with seaweed flour Gracilaria sp. can affect the absolute growth of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), but does not affect the specific growth rate, FCR value, feed efficiency and survival rate.
ABSTRAK: Berbagai alga merah memiliki potensi nilai nutrisi dan biopigmen yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menambah nilai manfaat serta nilai jual rumput laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi kimia dan kandungan pigmen fotosintesis pada tiga spesies alga merah, yaitu Eucheuma cottonii, Eucheuma spinosum dan Eucheuma striatum yang dibudidayakan di Perairan Sreweh, Lombok Timur, NTB. Ketiga sampel tersebut diambil dalam bentuk segar dari hasil budidaya selama 42 hari. Sampel dianalisa komposisi nutrisi dengan menggunakan uji proksimat sedangkan pigmen fotosintesis diuji dengan menggunakan spktrofotometer. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa E. cottonii mempunyai kandungan lemak (5,77%), serat (15,22%), karbohidrat (47,36%) dan pigmen fikoeritrin (42,88 mg/g) yang tertinggi. Alga merah E. spinosum mempunyai kadar air yang tertinggi (29,72%) dan alga merah E. striatum mempunyai kandungan protein (4,51%), abu (32,49%), klorofil a (30,41 mg/g) dan klorofil b (54,95 mg/g) yang tertinggi. Ketiga spesies alga merahi ini mempunyai potensi sebagai sumber bahan pangan yang dapat meningkatkan nilai nutrisi dan kesehatan pada manusia maupun hewan sehingga dapat memberikan kontribusi sebagai sumber pangan fungsional.ABSTRACT: Various red algae have potential nutritional and biopigment values that can be utilized to add value and sale value of seaweed. This study aims to determine the chemical composition and content of photosynthetic pigments in three species of red algae, namely Eucheuma cottonii, Eucheuma spinosum and Eucheuma striatum cultivated in Sreweh Waters, East Lombok, NTB. The three samples were taken in fresh form the cultivation for 42 days. The nutritional composition of the sample was analyzed using the proximate test while the photosynthetic pigments were tested using a spectrophotometer. The analysis showed that E. cottonii had the highest content of fat (5.77%), fiber (15.22%), carbohydrates (47.36%) and phicoerythrin pigment (42.88 mg / g). Red algae E. spinosum has the highest air content (29, 72%) and red algae E. striatum has protein content (4.51%), ash (32.49%), chlorophyll a (30.41 mg / g) and chlorophyll b (54.95 mg / g) the highest. These three species of red algae have potential as a source of fodd ingredients that can increase nutritional value and health in humans and animals, so that they can contribute as a source of functional food.
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