Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs during rest, usually accompanied by uncomfortable sensations in the affected extremity or extremities. RLS can manifest at any age but prevalence increases with advancing age. This article describes the symptoms of RLS, associated comorbidities, and how to diagnose and manage RLS.

Introduction:Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a chronic sensorimotor disorder characterized by discomfort or pain, predominantly in the legs, resulting in an urge to move during times of rest. These disturbances are often accompanied by sleep fragmentation, which can significantly increase medical comorbidities over time and can have a detrimental effect on a patient's overall quality of life. In this retrospective study, we examined the temporal relationship between the time of RLS diagnosis and the onset of non-motor symptoms (NMS) and medical comorbidities. Patients and methods: Thirty-six RLS patients were evaluated for age at: symptom onset, time of diagnosis, time of occurrence of NMS, and medical comorbidities. We used structured interviews, validated questionnaires, and past medical records to aggregate and verify patient data. There was no clinical evidence to suggest secondary RLS in any patient at time of diagnosis. Results: Twenty-five patients were diagnosed as having RLS alone and eleven were diagnosed with RLS and Parkinson's disease (RLS + PD). In the RLS + PD group, irrespective of which disorder presented first, we found that patients exhibited symptoms of RLS at a significantly later age than those patients with RLS alone (P,0.05). The incidence and severity of NMS were significantly higher in the RLS + PD group compared to RLS alone and controls (P,0.001). Increased risk of RLS was identified in patients exhibiting mood changes and sleep deficits, and these risk factors manifested 5 and 10 years prior, respectively, to their diagnosis. Conclusion: Primary RLS develops earlier in those patients who only have RLS compared to those who later also develop PD. Mood and sleep impairment can be present years prior to the diagnosis of RLS. Other medical comorbidities associated with RLS included hypertension, hyperlipidemia, arthritis, chronic pain, and diabetes.

This article presents contributions from pragmatic sociology to the debate on the commitment of economic actors to socio-environmental causes. Given the controversy about the achievements of their engagement, we propose the notion of committed capitalism and seek to understand it through the moral ground of its critiques, defenses and the construction of its normativity. We aim to emphasize two dimensions observed in contemporary capitalism: the declared commitment to a cause and the efforts of actors to stabilize a compromise among distinct orders of worth (market, industrial, and civic) and create devices that actualize it in the world. Drawing on a textual corpus of Brazilian newspapers, we examine the interplay of critiques of corporate social responsibility, corporate sustainability, and social finance, as well as their responses. As a result, we present a framework of internal and external critiques of the compromise that allow us to understand the contours of the moral dimension that underpins some crucial aspects of contemporary capitalism.

Este artigo discute os negócios de impacto, aqueles baseados na premissa de que é possível (e desejável) resolver problemas sociais de forma lucrativa, por meio da geração de impacto social positivo. Analisando um de seus dispositivos privilegiados, a teoria de mudança, e a accountability social para a sua realização, discuto como eles buscam -e, em parte alcançam -efetividade social, moral, para sua existência e suas práticas. Argumento que eles são construídos como empreendimentos exemplares que, segundo os atores neles engajados, demonstram pragmaticamente o que pode e deve ser feito para resolver problemas sociais a partir dos negócios. The 'Invisible Heart' of the Market: The Moral Management of Impact Businesses as ExemplaryEnterprises discusses the impact businesses, which are based on the premise that it is possible (and desirable) to solve social problems in a profitable way by generating positive social impact. Analyzing one of its privileged devices, the theory of change, and the social accountability for its achievement, I discuss how they seek -and, in part, how they achievesocial effectiveness, that is, moral effectiveness, for their existence and practices. I argue that they are built as exemplary enterprises, which, according to the actors engaged in them, pragmatically demonstrate what can and should be done to solve social problems from businesses.