Palm Oil Factory Energy consists of steam and electricity. To increase the performance, energy will to be audited. Electrical measurements are carried out at the power house, panels at each station and some electric motors. Measurement in the main panel uses a power quality analyzer that can measure power, power factor, harmonics, unbalance and other electrical parameters. For measurement of mechanical equipment with steam energy such as boilers and turbines using temperature measuring devices with infrared thermal imaging tools FLIR brand. The quality of electric power with a total harmonic of 5.12% and individual harmonics of 2.78%. Voltage and current unbalance are 0.09% and 0.15%. Voltage drop is equal to 3 volts. The use of electricity utilities is 22.81 kW / ton FFB. The factory has cos phi of 0.84 but requires automatic power factor correction. The efficiency of boilers is 64.19% with the biggest losses being dry flue gas of 20.19% and oyher boiler  of 67.82% with the biggest losses being dry flue gas of 16.45%.

Biomass is a very important energy source in the sugar mill industry as the main fuel in the power plant boilers. The efficiency of boilers for most sugar mills in Indonesia is quite low and the availability of bagasse is lacking so that in its operations, co-firing has to be applied with an alternative biomass fuels such as rice husk, cane trash, wood and saw dust. Based on the analysis, rice husk has a lower calorific (3248 cal/gr) value than that of bagasse (4076 cal/gr), but it has a higher ash content (20.67%) than that of bagasse (3.66%), so adjustments in boiler operation is required when using rice husk as co-firing. The higher ash content in biomass can affect the performance of the furnace and superheater in the boiler and increase the potential for deposit formation. The composition of rice husk ash was dominated by silica (SiO2) which reached 95.52%. It is higher than the silica content of bagasse which reached 74.99%. The high silica content in rice husks has the potential to conduce melting ash in boiler grate. The alkali content of rice husk which was around 3.64% is less than that found in bagasse which reached 17.33%. Even though, the ash composition analysis shows quite small potential for slagging, fouling, melting, sintering, and agglomeration, but the large amount of ash content in rice husks can increase the potential for the occurrence of the risks.

The Glenmore Sugar Industry, Ltd. is designed for 8000 TCD production or 273 TPH. The process required approximately 136 TPH based on the Steam on Cane (SoC) 50%. As the factory's primary input, Sugar Cane cannot supply 8000 TCD Factory Capacity, so 6000 TCD is chosen as an alternative. After commissioning, a lack of steam for servicing the process occurred because the Turbine at full load required 7,6 Kg/kWh. Desuperheater supports the additional steam for the process, which is only 20 TPH. Meanwhile, the steam from the turbine supplies 84 TPH. The need for 32 TPH must be solved, and a specific strategy should be prepared. The Applied Thermodynamics Re-Engineering is a potential method that can be applied in which the findings show that the deficit of 32 TPH steam for the process can be solved precisely.

Palm Oil Mill is an industry that uses biomass as an energy generator to run the process. The biomass used is fiber, shells, and empty fruit bunches. Energy efficiency is needed in the process; therefore, it requires energy balance in the power generation system, distribution, and use of energy produced by biomass. PKS Rimbo Duo has a processing capacity of 30 tonnes/hour. Broadly speaking, the energy system at PKS Rimbo Dua includes steam energy production equipment such as boilers and steam and electricity energy conversion equipment in the form of steam turbines and generators (alternators) as well as storage equipment for the expansion of steam energy in the form of opposing pressure storage vessels (BPV). Energy balance analysis is carried out by analyzing data methods obtained from the performance of operating equipment and conducting field surveys and measurements of predetermined parameters, especially in boilers, water treatment, and turbines. Analysis of fuel use is also carried out to determine the quality of the fuel and the potential for steam produced. The result of this research is that the average efficiency of the boiler is 63.23%, which is still below the 73% boiler design. One of the reasons is that the flue gas temperature reaches 260 oC. The steam turbine has an efficiency of 44% isentropically with SSC = 31.9 kg / kWh when compared to the standard norm, the SSC value is still too high. The results of the water analysis also found the P and M alkalinity values, and the water pH was still 9.8. The results of the analysis of these data can be used as a reference for actions whether it is a repair of equipment, replacement of equipment, and improvement of operational parameters.

Operasional boiler di sebagian besar pabrik gula saat ini banyak yang mengalami kekurangan pasokan bahan bakar ampas tebu karena penurunan kapasitas giling. Kondisi ini menimbulkan masalah terhadap kontinuitas pasokan energi uap dan listrik di pabrik gula, sehingga untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut banyak dilakukan dengan penambahan bahan bakar alternatif dengan model pembakaran bersama (co-firing). Penelitian ini mencoba melakukan kajian model pembakaran bersama ampas tebu dengan sekam padi dan cangkang kelapa sawit berbasis persentase berat bahan bakar. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan data operasional boiler di pabrik gula Trangkil saat musim giling tahun 2020. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi tekanan, kapasitas, dan temperatur uap, serta temperatur air masuk boiler dan temperatur gas buang. Analisis bahan bakar yang dilakukan adalah uji proksimat dan ultimat. Perhitungan dan simulasi pemakaian bahan bakar, kebutuhan volume furnace, efisiensi, dan rugi-rugi boiler dilakukan menggunakan bantuan analisis software Firecad WTPB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa co-firing dapat menaikkan efisiensi boiler, menurunkan rugi-rugi boiler, menurunkan pemakaian bahan bakar dan kebutuhan volume furnace, serta menurunkan kecepatan gas buang di sekitar pipa-pipa uap utama. Mitigasi risiko harus dilakukan karena sistem ini dapat meningkatkan temperatur furnace, yang dapat meningkatkan potensi slagging dan fouling sehingga mengganggu kinerja boiler saat musim giling.