Background: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a coronary artery disease that can progress in a wide clinical spectrum, from asymptomatic cases to stable angina pectoris or acute coronary syndrome. CAE can present with an acute coronary syndrome without an obstructive lesion. Although many studies comparing isolated CAE with normal coronary arteries and coronary artery disease, CAE patients with obstructive type lesions (obstructive CAE) have never been evaluated. In this study, we aimed to compare obstructive CAE patients and isolated CAE patients in terms of various inflammatory parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 190 patients were enrolled, including 95 obstructive CAE patients and 95 age and sex-matched isolated CAE patients. All participants were evaluated in the study consisted of patients admitted to the emergency department and diagnosed with NSTE-ACS. Systemic inflammatory parameters such as Platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Monocyte/HDL ratio, CRP and sedimentation of the patients, were compared between two groups. Results: CRP value was found significantly higher in obstructive CAE, compared to isolated CAE [5.5 (3.0-9.0) mg/L, 4.0 (3.0-6.0) mg/L (P=0.003) respectively]. PLR value was found significantly higher in obstructive CAE compared to isolated CAE [143±76, 120±45 (p=0.015) respectively]. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, only CRP was an independent predictor of obstruction in CAE [OR:1.075 (1.011-1.142), p=0.021]. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the effects of obstructive lesions on inflammatory parameters in patients with CAE presenting with acute coronary syndrome. We have shown that systemic inflammation is increased in the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease in CAE patients.

Background: Atrial fibrillation is a complex disease with irregular ventricular response and tachycardia as a result of irregular and rapid contraction of the atria, with poor cardiovascular outcomes unless treated. Various mechanisms are involved in its pathophysiology. .Inflammation has an important place among these mechanisms. Many cardiovascular events accompany inflammation. Understanding and correct evaluation of inflammation in current situations contribute to the diagnosis and severity of the disease. The aim of our study was to understand the role of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with atrial fibrillation and to evaluate the difference between whether the disease is paroxysmal and persistent (atrial fibrillation burden). Methods: The study was done retrospectively, and a total of 752 patients who were admitted to the cardiology outpatient clinic were recruited. The normal sinus rhythm group of the study consisted of 140 patients, and the atrial fibrillation group consisted of 351 [permanent atrial fibrillation (n = 206) and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (n = 145)] patients. Inflammation markers were evaluated by dividing the patients into 3 groups. Results: Higher permanent atrial fibrillation [209.71 (40.73-604.0)], paroxysmal atrial fibrillation [188.51 (53.95-617.46)], normal sinus rhythm [629.47 (104-4695)]; permanent atrial fibrillation [4.53 (0.27-17.94)], paroxysmal atrial fibrillation [3.09 (0.40-11.0)], normal sinus rhythm [2.34 (0.61-13.51)] ( P < . 05); and permanent atrial fibrillation [1569.54 (139-6069)], paroxysmal atrial fibrillation [1035.09 (133-4013)], normal sinus rhythm [130.40 (26.42-680.39)] ( P < . 05) were detected in the systemic immune inflammation index, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio atrial fibrillation groups compared to normal sinus rhythm group. Correlation between C-reactive protein and systemic immune inflammation index ( r = 0.679, r = 0.483 P < . 05, respectively) was found in the permanent atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation groups. Conclusion: Systemic immune inflammation index, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, and platelet–lymphocyte ratio were found to be higher in permanent atrial fibrillation compared to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and in the whole atrial fibrillation group compared to the normal sinus rhythm group. This indicates that inflammation is associated with AF burden and the SII index is successful in reflecting this.

Objectives: In this study, we present our early and mid-term results of percutaneous treatment for proximal venous outflow obstruction (PVOO).

Imaging of the presence of vegetation is critical in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Guidelines recommend echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) and nuclear imaging methods for this purpose. In this paper, a case of fungal endocarditis is presented. Our case was a 45-yearold male patient who was connected to mechanical ventilator as a result of industrial accident and followed with central venous catheter. The patient had no previous history of valve disease. Echocardiography was performed on the patient with recurrent fever and dyspnea. Antifungal treatment was started for the patient who was diagnosed with fungal endocarditis, but valve surgery was planned since vegetation grew despite the treatment. During preoperative coronary angiography, vegetation on the aortic valve could also be monitored by fluoroscopy. The patient was operated four weeks after diagnosis and was discharged eight weeks after operation with complete recovery. In our literature review, there were no reports regarding vegetation monitored under fluoroscopy. According to the data we obtained, this paper is the first report showing that a vegetation is seen by fluoroscopy.

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA); it can be referred to as a progressive cardiomyopathy that occurs as a result of the accumulation of endogenous proteins in the form of amyloid fibrils, whose folding is disrupted in the kidney, liver, gastrointestinal system, soft tissue and heart. The course of the disease depends on the involvement of the organs and treatment options depending on the source of the protein. Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis and transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis are the most common CA types. While AL amyloidosis is more common in the heart and kidney, TTR amyloidosis is more common in the heart. Although CA is not considered a common disease, TTR amyloidosis is observed in approximately 15% of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and severe aortic stenosis. CA diagnosis: it can be placed by echocardiography, magnetic resonance or nuclear scintigraphy methods. At the same time, genetic analysis, biopsy and histopathological tests are also useful for early diagnosis. After the diagnosis, antiplasma treatment or stopping the produced protein constitute the main lines of the treatment.