Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the furthermost common form of DM which is identified by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency. This study aims to detect the role of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in patients with T2DM compared with the healthy control and to investigate the relationship between IL-17 and insulin resistance. The study involved 50 Iraqi T2DM patients, randomly selected with an age range of 33-71 years .For the purpose of comparison, 30 Iraqi healthy persons with an age range of 33-71 years were also included. Patients and control groups were characterized in terms of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),fasting serum glucose (FSG) and lipid profile. The means of IL-17 (368.45 vs. 128.50 pg/ml), HOMA-IR (7.94vs. 2.14),FSG (152.82 vs. 81.53 mg/dl), fasting serum insulin (FSI) level (19.37 vs. 10.71 μIU/ml), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL),and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly higher in T2DM patients as compared to controls. While, levels of Total Cholesterol (TC)and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)showed non-significant differences. In conclusion, IL-17 seems to play a significant role as a risk factor for the development of T2DM.Also, higher (HOMA-IR) gives rise to a hyperglycemic state and is a major risk factor for the development of T2DM.

Hepatitis B is a possibly life-threatening liver contagion produced by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). It is a main worldwide health issue. It can cause chronic contagion & puts societies at great danger of death from cirrhosis & liver malignancy. The goal of the current research was to measure four important parameters in cases with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (the amount of IL-17, IL-37, IL-38 & vitamin E). These factors were surveyed in CHB patients to compare with healthy controls & study the association among these markers with other parameters in the study. Population consists of 40 patients diagnosed with CHB & a healthy controls (HC) group of 39 person. IL-17, IL-37, IL-38 & vitamin E levels were assessed in all subjects by using available ELISA kits from Mybiosource company; USA. serum concentrations of IL-17 & IL-37 were importantly greater in HBV group compared to control group, while serum levels of IL-38 & vitamin E were importantly lesser in CHB cases compared to HC also vitamin E showed weakly negative correlation with IL-17 & weakly positive correlation with IL-37 & IL-38. The study recommends that IL-17 & IL-37 levels may be a useful indicator to identification HBV in primary phases so that we should monitor these markers concentrations in blood of constantly to sustain their health.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), is a major public health challenge worldwide. It is more prevalent in developed countries compared with the rest of the world, due to the higher rates of life expectancy and unhealthy lifestyle related factors. This aim of the current study is to evaluate the relationship between interleukins IL-2 and IL-17 concentrations and kidney function markers in men with CKD. Methods: Forty-five men with CKD and seventy controls were enrolled in the current study to assess the relationship between interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and CKD parameters. Fasting blood samples were collected from patients with CKD and their controls at same time. Serum IL-2, and IL-17 were measured in patients with CKD and their controls, and then the relationship between these interleukins and serum creatinine, serum urea, serum uric acid and urine albumin were evaluated. Results: A significant relationship was detected between IL-2 (p< 0.001), IL-17 (p< 0.001) levels and serum creatinine concentrations. The significant increase of IL-2 and IL-17 levels were also paralleled with a significant increase in serum urea (p< 0.001), and urine albumin (p< 0.001) concentrations respectively. Conclusions: IL-2 and IL-17 may play a critical role in the pathophysiology of CKD. The significant increase of IL-2 and IL-17 is associated with significantly high concentrations of creatinine, serum urea and urine albumin suggesting that these interleukins may be used as targets for future biomarkers and molecular therapy. However, due to limited sample size of the current study, larger prospective cohorts are needed to confirm these observations.

Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is refereed as the kidney injury that occurs in individuals with diabetes, the earliest detectable change is the thickening in the glomerulus. The study objectives to estimate the diagnostic value plasma levels of Haptoglobin (HPt) and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) as biomarkers for early disclosure of nephropathy in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. The present study was conducted on sixty T2D patients diagnosed beforehand, these patients were categorized into two equal groups according to their albumin/ creatinine ratio (ACR), including patients with normoalbuminuria

No abstract