Background: Fall is a worldwide health problem, leading cause of disability, resulted from declining physical function among elderly people. Otago exercise is a strength and balance program designed to prevent falls and enhance health status among the elderly. Aim: to appraise the effect Otago Exercise Program (OEP) on health status and risk of fall among older adults with chronic disease. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized.

Hypertension has been a well-recognized condition in the elderly for a very long time and is prevalent in over 70% of the elderly population. It is estimated that the number of persons aged 65 years and older will increase to 72 million by the year 2030, which will in turn result in an increased rate of hypertension among the elderly. Aim: To assess the quality of life of elderly patients suffering from hypertension and nurses' knowledge regarding hypertension. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive research design was utilized in this study. This study was carried out at medical, dialysis, and neurological departments at Sohag University Hospital. Convenient sample consist of 178 elderly patients suffering from hypertension and 58 nurses. Data were collected at a period of six months starting from November 2011 to the end of April 2012, using two tools: First tool; is a structured interview sheet about Quality of life. Second tool: an interview questionnaire sheet to assess nurses' knowledge regarding hypertension. Results: 48.9% of patients had low QOL score, and there was a statistical significant difference between quality of life and sex & level of education "P-value (.007&.070)" respectively, and around one third of nurses (32.7%) had poor level of knowledge about hypertension. There was a statistical significant difference between knowledge and age & qualification of nurses "p-value (.052&.090) respectively". Conclusion and Recommendations: Presence of gerontological nurses in outpatient clinics and hospital departments whom trained and have an active role in health promotion and disease prevention for that highly growing segment of population. People have to be educated through mass media on hypertension and its risk factors. People have to be educated on the importance of physical exercises and have to be encouraged to do them.

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Background: One of the difficulties faced by surgical patients is pain; 60% of them report postoperative anxiety and mild to moderate discomfort. Acupressure is a complementary and alternative medicine therapy that promotes relaxation and pain relief. Aim: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of acupressure on post-operative pain, anxiety level, and sleep quality in abdominal surgical patients. Study Design: A quasi-experimental study design was utilized to meet the aim of the study. Setting: The study was conducted in the surgical unit, and outpatients at Minia University Hospital. Subjects: 80 patients were split evenly between the control and acupressure groups, with 40 patients in each. Tools: Four tools were used: a structured interviewing questionnaire, a numerical scale of pain, the state trait anxiety inventory, and the Arabic Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results: There was no significant difference in score of pain, anxiety and sleep quality before intervention among both groups, but post acupressure intervention the score in the Acupressure group was significant reduced pain, anxiety and sleep quality scores compared to control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Acupressure is a useful intervention for easing pain, calming anxiety, and enhancing sleep quality. Recommendations: The study recommended training nurses to use acupressure as a useful method for controlling pain and anxiety and enhancing sleep quality.

Hip fracture is a serious injury in older people and can contribute to their death or loss of independence. Aim Evaluate the effect of health education program on Improve the knowledge of elderly patients with hip fracture. Research design: Quasi-experimental study was conducted in orthopedic surgery department at Sohag University Hospital. Purposive sample, their number was 76; they divided into two group study and control equal number 38. Data was collected from September 2014 to September 2015. Tools: two tools were used in the present study; a structured interview questionnaire, tool (I): to assess personal characteristics Tool (II): assess patient's knowledge regarding hip fracture. Results: About two thirds of patients aged between 60-70 years, more than half of them were females, most common type of hip fracture was intertrochanteric fracture, and main cause of hip fracture is fall down. Also there is a statistical significant difference between study and control groups regarding to knowledge after implement of health educational program. Conclusion: There is a statistical significant difference between study and control groups regarding knowledge after implement of health educational program. Recommendations Expanded health education about the problem for elders at Sohag through home visits.