Chlorophyll is the most abundant photocatalytic pigment that enables plants to absorb solar energy and convert it to energy storage molecules. Herein, we report a tandem photocatalytic approach utilizing the...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis is caused by bacilli mycobacterium tuberculosis and known to infect human race since the dawn of history and archaeological evidence has traced its association in neolithic times. Tuberculosis is the most common infectious lung diseases in India with significant mortality and morbidity. Tuberculosis can cause diverse thoracic presentations ranging from nodules, consolidations & cavitation, mediastinal adenopathy, pleural effusion to diffuse endobronchial disease presenting like bronchial asthma. Due to diverse presentations, diagnosis is many times delayed due to lack of suspicion by treating general physicians and rational treatment many not offered in time. In spite of awareness by government organizations and considered as ‘global health issue of concern’ by World Health organization, tuberculosis is still considered as social stigma. Destroyed lung is described in literature and known complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. Destroyed lung is defined as combination of pleural and parenchymal lung destruction with cavitation, bronchiectasis, loss of lung volume and mediastinal herniation to diseased side. In this case series, we have reported two cases with history of pulmonary tuberculosis in past and received adequate anti-tuberculosis treatment. Both were having residual chronic lung disease and symptoms causing significant impact on quality of life with recurrent hospitalization, hospital visits and cost of care. One patient has history of delayed diagnosis and ATT was started after maximum lung destruction due to tuberculous process has already occurred. In this patient tuberculosis was cured but residual lung damage or sequel presenting as destroyed lung. In second case, tuberculosis was diagnosed in adequate time but patient has defaulted due to adverse events of ATT and he has taken medications as per his own tolerance. Neither adherence nor compliance was acceptable in second case and resulted into partially treated case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Ongoing lung destruction inn second case would be cause for destroyed lung in absence of irrational medicines in today’s era of good quality ATT. Destroyed lung is preventable with early diagnosis, prompt evaluation with microscopy and nucleic acid amplification tests and treatment with universally available, acceptable and affordable free ATT as National guidelines. Destroyed lung is having significant impact on quality of life and health expenditure and considered as ‘radiological stigma’ of Tuberculosis.

Long COVID is more prevalent chronic health care issue in post COVID care settings. We are in great piece of relief due to nearly end of this deadly pandemic which has caused significant change in routine of entire globe. Long COVID is an unpredicted sequel of COVID-19 disease documented nearly in half cases globally. Long COVID is multisystem syndrome with nonspecific symptoms and organic signs of unidentified pathology occurs after COVID-19 disease. Long COVID symptoms has been documented in ‘selected’ cases irrespective of disease severity or hospitalization and possible link remains unknown. Long COVID symptoms has significant impact on quality of life in those cases suffered from disease in recent past and lingering to almost two years since infection. Importantly, not all cases of COVID-19 were shown long COVID symptoms. Most common long COVID symptoms as joint pain, fatigability, chest discomfort, shortness of breath, hair loss, chest pain, weight gain, anxiety/depression & memory impairment. Pathophysiology resulting into long COVID manifestations is still not completely validated. Researchers have reported ‘immune dysregulation’, ‘autoimmunity’, ‘antigenic mimicry’ & ‘coagulation abnormalities’ are probable pathophysiological mechanism for long COVID. Some of the long COVID effects shown complete reversibility including post COVID lung fibrosis. Reboot system to restore immune dysregulation and recovery in long COVID is real concern. Long COVID symptoms cases are more health conscious and usually follows pattern of doctor shopping due to underestimation by family physicians either due to lack of suspicion or lack of knowledge regarding treatment protocol. Still, we are not having right answer for exact duration of long COVID symptoms and when it will show complete reversibility. Further, it needs ‘birds eye vision’ to pick up and manage cases with long COVID manifestations during routine care in rehabilitation unit.

No abstract