INTISARIKabupaten Kebumen dikenal sebagai salah satu sentra peternakan sapi potong di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Pemeliharaan ternak sapi potong pada peternakan rakyat didominasi oleh sapi lokal, khususnya sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi, output, dan penampilan reproduksi sapi PO di Kabupaten Kebumen, Jawa Tengah, sebagai dasar untuk menetukan kelayakan sebagai wilayah sumber bibit. Materi penelitian ini meliputi 1.261 peternak dan 3.112 ekor sapi PO yang berasal dari enam kecamatan di wilayah Urut Sewu, Kabupaten Kebumen. Penelitian bersifat analisis deskriptif dengan metode survei yaitu untuk parameter penampilan reproduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa days open 4,37±0,64 bulan, S/C 1,97±0,20, interval kelahiran 14,17±0,67 bulan, dan nilai efisiensi reproduksi (ER) 97,25%. Nilai natural increase (NI) pada penelitian ini yaitu sebesar 40,78%. Kemudian nilai net replacement rate (NRR) sapi PO jantan dan betina masingmasing sebesar 153,94% dan 223,99%. Hasil estimasi output sapi PO 39,73% dari populasi yang terdiri dari sisa replacement stock jantan 6,12% dan betina 9,41% serta ternak afkir jantan 14,96% dan betina 9,23%, estimasi dinamika populasi sapi PO tahun 2015 sampai 2019 diestimasi akan meningkat 2.181 ekor atau 2,70% per tahun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Kabupaten Kebumen layak untuk dijadikan sumber pembibitan sapi PO karena penampilan reproduksi sapi PO di Kabupaten Kebumen yang sudah cukup baik dan diestimasi dinamika populasinya akan terus meningkat dari tahun 2015 sampai 2019.(Kata kunci: Dinamika populasi, Penampilan reproduksi, Output, Sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO), Kebumen) ABSTRACT Kebumen Regency is known as one of the livestock of beef cattle areas in Central Java

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi produktivitas sapi potong di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Provinsi Sumatera Barat dalam menghasilkan bibit sapi potong dan kelayakan daerah tersebut sebagai sumber sapi potong di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara sensus dengan alat bantu kuesioner dengan metode Quota sampling digunakan untuk memilih tiga kecamatan yang memiliki populasi tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah identitas peternak dan ternak. Data sekunder dari instansi terkait juga digunakan sebagai pendukung dalam penelitian ini. Perkembangan populasi ternak dianalisis dengan pendekatan teori pemuliabiakan ternak. Rata-rata kenaikan populasi ternak dianalisis menggunakan analisis time series (analisis runtut waktu). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai efisiensi reproduksi (ER) sebesar 89,95% dan nilai natural increase (NI) sebesar 29,46% yang menunjukkan bahwa pertambahan populasi sapi tergolong sedang. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa secara umum populasi sapi potong di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan masih cukup memenuhi kebutuhan daerah tersebut namun kekurangan ternak pejantan sebesar 12,32% dan populasi ternak betina melebihi kebutuhan sebesar 21,03% dengan nilai net replacement rate (NRR) jantan sebesar 87,68% dan NRR betina sebesar 121,03%. Secara rata-rata output sapi potong pada semua bangsa untuk sapi afkir jantan adalah sebesar 5,93%, betina sebesar 11,12% , sapi muda jantan sebesar 2,19%, dan sapi muda betina sebesar 1,01% dari total populasi sapi.

The diazotroph bacteria as ecofriendly biofertilizers play an important role in improving the N status and availability of paddy soil. Laboratory experiment to study nitrogenase activity and IAA production of diazotroph from rice rhizosphere and to assess its effect on the growth of rice seedling has been conducted from September to October 2014 in Agronomy and Horticulture Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. The experiment was arranged as a completely randomized design and consisted of seven treatments and provided with 4 replications. The treatments were the isolates of indegenous diazotroph (T1 = A11003, T2 = A230041, T3 = A24001, T4 = A230022, T5 = A230021, T6 = A230042 and T7 = without inoculation). The nitrogenase activity measured by acetylene reduction assay method and IAA production was measured by HPLC method. Plant height, leaf greeness, leaf area, total dry weight and total root length were determined on 21 days after sowing. The experimental results showed that the isolat A230021 was identified as Rhizobium sp. LM-5 and have the highest nitrogenase activity at 0.07 µM C2H4 ml -1 h -1 and IAA production reached 19.01 ppm. Inoculation with strains of diazotroph enhanced chlorophyl content, total root length, and biomass production.

<p>The objective of research were to evaluate grading up program of Boer buck and Ettawa grade goat (EGG) doe at Village Breeding Centre (VBC) Dadapan village, Sumberejo subdistrict, Tanggamus regency by studying growth performance EGG, Boerawa grade 1 (BG1), and Boerawa grade 2 (BG2). Survey method was used in this research. Recording for growth performance of 525 heads EGG, 450 heads BG1, and 175 heads BG2 possessed by Karya Makmur III farmer group that was member of the VBC. Variables observed were body weight and body measurements at birth, weaning, and yearling. Data was analysed by analysis for variance of Completely Randomized Design for one way lay out. Difference of mean were analysed by Duncant’s Multiple Range Test. The average of birth weight of EGG (2,79±0,66 kg) were lower than that of BG1 (3,22±0,64 kg), however that of BG1 were not different with BG2 (3,02±0,89 kg). The average of weaning weight of EGG (18,28±0,053 kg) were lower than that of BG1 (19,89±5,72 kg) however that of BG1 were not different with that of BG 2 (19,67±1,54 kg). The average of yearling weight of EGG (39,89±7,26 kg) were lower than that of BG1 however that of BG1(43,49±6,15 kg) were not different with BG2 (42,27±2,12 kg). The absolute preweaning and postweaning average daily gain (ADG) of EGG, BG1, and BG2 were not different. Relative preweaning ADG of EGG (7,95±0,69%) were higher (P&lt;0.05) than that of BG1 (3,57±0,14%) and BG2 (4,77±0,64%) however that of BG1 were not different with BG2. Relative postweaning ADG of EGG (0,60±1,31%) were higher than that of BG1 (0,37±0,01%) and BG2 (0,43±0,07%). Average of postweaning ADG of BG1 and BG2 were different (P&lt;0.05). Its conclusion that growth performance of BG2 have not optimum.</p>

Cytochrome b gene is commonly used to figure out the genetic variation in animals. This research was designed to explore specific markers of Kebumen Ongole grade cattle and to understand the relationship between Kebumen and Brahman cattle using mtDNA cyt b sequences. The sequence of mtDNA cytochrome b gene of 14 individuals Kebumen Ongole grade cattle and 15 individuals Brahman cattle was determined by using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing with a pair of primer. The haploview software was utilized to linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis. As a result, 36 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) with 8 haplotypes were identified in Kebumen Ongole grade cattle. In contrast, a small number of SNPs (7) and haplotypes (6) were observed in Brahman cattle. The homozigosity in Brahman cattle was higher than that in Kebumen Ongole grade cattle cattle. Moreover, based on mtDNA sequences, 50% of Kebumen Ongole grade cattle had 85% similarity with Brahman cattle. The SNP number and LD values of Kebumen Ongole grade cattle were greater than those of Brahman cattle. It was presumed that Brahman cattle might be introduced into Kebumen territory. In conclusion, some of Kebumen Ongole grade cattle have genetic relation with Brahman cattle. In addition, the information of SNP and haplotype results from this research can be used as markers to differentiate breeds of animals.