Evidence-based pain guidelines were effective in reducing the pain level of patients as well as improving nurses' knowledge of pain management.

using in-depth interview technique. Krippendorff's content analysis method was utilized for data analysis. Results: Eight categories and 26 themes were extracted from the data which illustrated the lived distress of the patients with ostomy. The categories were "do not have any freedom to eat whatever I wish to eat", "uncontrolled defecation", "have to live through tough situation", "keep stoma in suspense", "disgusting ostomy", "can not live with comfort", "easily take a pessimistic view", and "see how the wind blows in daily family life". Conclusion: Ostomates were affected by the distress of having an ostomy in their physical, psychological, social and spiritual life. Individualized and continued nursing education program has to be developed in hospital and community settings in order to improve the quality of life of the ostomates. Key Words: Ostomy, Distress

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of team-based learning (TBL) program on nursing students' major satisfaction, critical thinking, communication skills, problem solving, and self-directed learning. A Quasi experimental design: nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The TBL significantly improved nursing students' major satisfaction, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, communication skill, and selfdirected learning. Conclusion: TBL is a useful teaching and learning method for nursing students. Therefore, the nursing discipline should incorporate TBL into nursing curriculums to improve nursing core competencies.

at one hospital and analyzed by using frequencies in the Microsoft Excel 2010 program. Results: Of a total of 82 NIC, domains of the nursing interventions showed higher percentages for physiological: basic (36.3%) and physiological: complex (34.5%). The classes of nursing interventions showed higher percentage for health system mediation (12.1%), perioperative care (10.0%), and drug management (8.6%). The most frequently used top interventions were Discharge Planning. The thirty least used interventions was environmental management. Top thirty most frequently used interventions belonged to the domain of physiological: basic (37.9%), physiological: complex (31.1%), and behavioral (5.4%). Conclusion: These findings will help in the establishment of a standardized language for gynecological nursing units and enhance the quality of nursing care.

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