This study intended to address the problem of damaged (collapsed, cracked and decreased soil strength) road pavement structure built on clay soil due to clay soil properties such as low shear strength, high soil compressibility, low soil permeability, low soil strength, and high soil plasticity. Previous research reported that ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) and fly ash can be used for clay soil stabilizations, but the results of past research indicate that the road pavement construction standards remained unfulfilled, especially in terms of clay’s subgrade soil. Due to this reason, this study is carried out to further investigate soil stabilization using GGBS and fly ash-based geopolymer processes. This study investigates the effects of GGBS and ratios of fly ash (solid) to alkaline activator (liquid) of 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, and 3:1, cured for 1 and 7 days. The molarity of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the ratio of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was fixed at 10 molar and 2.0 weight ratio. The mechanical properties of the soil stabilization based geopolymer process were tested using an unconfined compression test, while the characterization of soil stabilization was investigated using the plastic limit test, liquid limit test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the highest strength obtained was 3.15 MPA with a GGBS to alkaline activator ratio of 1.5 and Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratio of 2.0 at 7 days curing time. These findings are useful in enhancing knowledge in the field of soil stabilization-based geopolymer, especially for applications in pavement construction. In addition, it can be used as a reference for academicians, civil engineers, and geotechnical engineers.

Geopolymers, or also known as alkali-activated binders, have recently emerged as a viable alternative to conventional binders (cement) for soil stabilization. Geopolymers employ alkaline activation of industrial waste to create cementitious products inside treated soils, increasing the clayey soils’ mechanical and physical qualities. This paper aims to review the utilization of fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS)-based geopolymers for soil stabilization by enhancing strength. Previous research only used one type of precursor: fly ash or GGBFS, but the strength value obtained did not meet the ASTM D 4609 (<0.8 Mpa) standard required for soil-stabilizing criteria of road construction applications. This current research focused on the combination of two types of precursors, which are fly ash and GGBFS. The findings of an unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test on stabilized soil samples were discussed. Finally, the paper concludes that GGBFS and fly-ash-based geo-polymers for soil stabilization techniques can be successfully used as a binder for soil stabilization. However, additional research is required to meet the requirement of ASTM D 4609 standard in road construction applications, particularly in subgrade layers.

Muara Jambi Temple Complex (KPMJ) is a national cultural heritage area located in Muaro Jambi Regency, Maro Sebo District. This KPMJ has a Buddhist pattern. With an area of ​​17.5 KM2 which stretches 7 KM along the Batanghari River near the East Coast of Jambi. KPMJ has nine main temple buildings, and various types of collections that are closely related to historical, cultural and religious values. In order to support the existence of KPMJ as a regional and national tourism potential, promotional media as well as digital-based information media (motion graphics) are needed so that they are able to attract and increase public enthusiasm for traveling to KPMJ. At the same time being able to contribute knowledge and educate the public to care for and maintain and preserve cultural heritage. The theories used in the creation of this motion graphic are color theory, motion graphic theory, narration, communication, typography, and cultural heritage tourism theory. The method used by the designer in creating this motion graphic is 4D (define, design, develop, and disseminate). The target audience in this design is teenagers to early adulthood. The supporting media are posters, brochures, stickers, mugs, key chains, entrance tickets, id-cards, t-shirts, hats and umbrellas.

Clay soils provide several challenges for geotechnical and civil engineers. This type of soils has a low strength, high plasticity and can cause damage to the road pavement such as crack and soil strength reduction. Thus, require stabilization method. Continue of research and investigations have been done to find other alternative in soil stabilization that eco-friendly. Geopolymer, one of the alterative eco-friendly soil stabilization method offering small swelling potential and outstanding adhesion to soil properties, which could be an effective soil stabilizer. Geopolymer is a reaction that chemically integrates minerals that involves naturally occurring silicoaluminates sources. The geopolymer synthetized from soil, fly ash, ground granulated blast slag and an alkaline solution made from sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The characterization testing includes physical properties, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to examine the physical properties, elemental chemical composition, mineralogical properties, microstructure, and bonding chemical of the raw material, respectively. Based on the characterization result, the soil, fly ash and ground granulated blast slag consists mainly of silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) which make it suitable to be used as raw materials for geopolymer formation. This paper presents a characterization analysis of soil, fly ash and ground granulated blast slag as raw materials for soil stabilization application using geopolymerization method.

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