Leukocytapheresis therapy could be a new therapeutic strategy for patients with pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. These encouraging results lead us to propose a randomized controlled trial.

Pulmonary sequestration involves an abnormal pulmonary tissue separated from the normal pulmonary parenchyma, not connected to the tracheobronchial tree and supplied by a systemic artery. A case of intralobar pulmonary sequestration is presented. Case; a 49-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever, cough and sputum production. Sputum culture resulted in a large growth of Aspergillus niger. Angiography showed an abnormal blood supply from the abdominal aorta to the right lower lobe. Right lower lobectomy was performed. The postoperative courses are uneventful.

We report a case of a rare inflammatory disease, granulomatous lobular mastitis. Two weeks prior to admission the patient, a 43 year-old woman, (gravida 1, para 1) had noticed a left breast mass associated with tenderness. Palpation, gross inspection, and clinical examination, as well as the rapid growth of the mass lesion led us to believe that it was highly suspicious of malignant neoplasm. Mammography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography did not differentiate it from a malignant neoplasm. Aspiration cytology revealed an inflammatory lesion with a few clusters of epithelial cells it was diagnosed as borderline malignancy(class III) by a prudent pathologist, and thus mastectomy was performed. However, the final histologi-cal diagnosis was granulomatous lobular mastitis with no evidence of malignancy. As the clinical manifestations of granulomatous mastitis are similar to those of mammary carcinoma and, as it is an inflammatory lesion of uncertain etiology and pathogenesis, it has often been mistaken clinically for carcinoma and treated as such. Our review of the literature indicated that granulomatous mastitis most often occurs in young patients with a history of childbirth or oral contraceptive usage. Recurrence was documented in 38% of patients, and, accordingly long-term follow-up by aspiration cytology, complete resection, and adequate drug treatment with corticosteroids are recommended.

Summary:The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of fluoroscopic cystocolpoproctography in the treatment of female pelvic organ prolapse. The presence or absence of rectocele, enterocele, sigmoidocele, and the cystocele on cystocolpoproctography was retrospectively analyzed in 46 consecutive patients. A rectocele was detected in 4.5% of the patients, postvaginal hernia in 19.7%, cystocele in 3.0%, complete rectal prolapse in 53.0%, massive rectal prolapse in 10.6%, and incomplete rectal prolapse in 4.5% of the patients on cystocolpoproctography. Perineal hernia can include a combination of cystocele, rectocele, uterine prolapse, enterocele and rectal prolapse. Accurate diagnosis of the coexisting abnormalities is essential in planning reconstructive procedures so that the risks of recurrence and reoperation can be minimized. Fluoroscopic cystocolpoproctography provides direct visualization and quantification of female pelvic organ prolapse, information that usually can only be inferred by physical examination.

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