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The objective of this study was to apply effect of Morinda citrifolia L. citrifolia L. leaf extract as antibacterial of Salmonella typhimurium on mortality of Day Old Quail (DOQ), egg production and Hen day, hatchability of layer quail. This research was conducted at Laboratory of microbiology and laboratory of poultry nutrition, faculty of animal science, bogor agricultural university and slamet quail farms cilangkap, sukabumi, west java, Indonesia on March-July 2012. Two hundred and forty heads of quail were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (sixty heads of quail/treatment). Experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments consist of level of biscuit Morinda citrifolia L. Citrifolia L. leaf extract i.e R1 = 0%, R2 = 5%, R3 = 10%, R4 = 15%. The results indicated the treatments had significant effect (p < 0.05) on mortality of Day Old Quail (DOQ). The average mortality of Day Old Quail (DOQ) was given extract Morinda citrifolia L. leaf were R1 (4.00%), R2 (1.00%), R3 (1.33%), R4 (0.67%). The average mortality of Day Old Quail (DOQ) was given 15% extract Morinda citrifolia L. leaf (R4) was lowest than control treatment (R1). The results of the analysis indicated that Morinda citrifolia L. leaf of quail drink had not significant effect (p > 0.05) on egg production, hen day and hatchability. It was concluded that the Morinda citrifolia L. leaf extract 15% can reduce mortality of Day Old Quail (DOQ) and can increase its egg production, hen day and hatchability.

Feed is one of the important factor that affect livestock productivity, so the availability of good quality feed is a requirement for livestock development in an area. In the tropical area, providing forage as a crucial feed for ruminants was hampered by fluctuating seasons. Likewise, the availability of agricultural waste as an alternative source of feed material experiences the same constraints, easily damaged, and bulky (voluminous). Therefore, feed processing technology is needed so that it is become durable, easily stored, and easily provided for livestock. One way to overcome this is to utilize technology for making wafers. Information regarding technology for making animal feed wafers in Indonesia is still limited. This paper reviews a number of studies that discuss the development of wafer processing technology, types of wafers, the main components of wafer compilers, wafer manufacturing processes, reactions that occur during wafer manufacturing, nutrient quality of various wafers, and the results of research on the use of wafers for feed livestock. Wafers are feeds that are processed using heat and pressure, so that a solid, compact, and high density product is formed. Feed wafer technology is a modification of cube and block feed. Wafers are divided into feed wafers, feed supplement wafers, and complete feed wafers. Feed wafers can be used instead of concentrates. Feed supplement wafers are high in energy and protein. Complete feed wafers contain energy, protein, fiber, and complete minerals that have been adapted to the daily nutritional needs of livestock. Feed wafer processing technology can be one of the strategies to provide feed with a constant composition of nutrients throughout the season and increase production and feed efficiency.

The process of transportation of animals from one to another area can lead to stress. Animals tend to reduce feed intake which then affects animal performance, so palatable feed is needed, with high energy content, and can speed up the body weight recovery process. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of logistic feed (mash, silage, pellet, and wafer) compared with conventional feed on physiological parameters, blood metabolite profiles, and body weight recovery of tropical sheep pasca transportation. This study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 5 treatments and 6 replications using 30 male local sheep: P 0 = conventional feed (100% forage), P 1: Mash, P 2: Silage, P 3: Pellet, P 4: Wafer. The logistic feed has a significant effect on dry matter, crude protein and ether extract intake, blood glucose level, leukocytes lymphocyte, Neutrophil and Lymphocyte (N/L) ratio, and basophil level in sheep blood, total body weight gain, feed efficiency, and income over feed cost (P<0.05). A logistic feed can accelerate the increase in the body weight recovery process of sheep pasca transportation. Moreover, the provision of logistic feed in the form of silage resulted in the highest feed efficiency and income over feed costs.

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