No abstract

No abstract

We offer a simulation of low-carbon electricity supply for Australia, based on currently and economically operating technologies and proven resources, contributing new knowledge by: featuring a GIS-based spatial optimisation process for identifying suitable generator locations; including expanded transmission networks; covering the entire continent; and investigating the significance of biofuels availability and carbon price. We find that nationwide low-carbon electricity supply is possible at about 160 GW installed capacity, at indicative cost of around 20 ¢/kW h, involving wind, concentrating solar, and PV utilities, and less than 20 TW h of biofuelled generation. Dispatchable hydro and biofuel plants are required to plug gaps caused by occasional low-resource periods. Technology and cost breakthroughs for storage, geothermal and ocean technologies, as well as offshore wind deployment would substantially alter our assessment.

No abstract

No abstract