Passivation of the Mg anode surface in conventional electrolytes constitutes a critical issue for practical Mg batteries. In this work, a perfluorinated tert‐butoxide magnesium salt, Mg(pftb)2, is codissolved with MgCl2 in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to form an all‐magnesium salt electrolyte. Raman spectroscopy and density function theory calculation confirm that [Mg2Cl3·6THF]+[Mg(pftb)3]− is the main electrochemically active species of the electrolyte. The proper lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the [Mg(pftb)3]− anion enables in situ formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Mg anodes. A detailed analysis of the SEI reveals that its stability originates from a dual‐layered organic/inorganic hybrid structure. Mg//Cu and Mg//Mg cells using the electrolyte achieve a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.7% over 3000 cycles, and low overpotentials over ultralong‐cycle lives of 8100, 3000, and 1500 h at current densities of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mA cm−2, respectively. The robust SEI layer, once formed on a Mg electrode, is also shown highly effective in suppressing side‐reactions in a TFSI−‐containing electrolyte. A high Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% over 800 cycles is also demonstrated for a Mg//Mo6S8 full cell, showing great promise of the SEI forming electrolyte in future Mg batteries.

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A high‐performance all‐inorganic magnesium–lithium chloride complex (MLCC) electrolyte is synthesized by a simple room‐temperature reaction of LiCl with MgCl2 in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent. Molecular dynamics simulation, density functional theory calculation, Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal that the formation of [MgxLiyCl2x+y·nTHF] complex solvation structure significantly lowers the coordination number of THF in the first solvation sheath of Mg2+, which significantly enhances its de‐solvation kinetics. The MLCC electrolyte presents a stable electrochemical window up to 3.1 V (vs Mg/Mg2+) and enables reversible cycling of Mg metal deposition/stripping with an outstanding Coulombic efficiency up to 99% at current densities as high as 10 mA cm−2. Utilizing the MLCC electrolyte, a Mg/Mo6S8 full cell can be cycled for over 10 000 cycles with a superior capacity retention of 85 mA h g−1 under an ultrahigh rate of 50 C (1 C = 128.8 mA g−1). The facile synthesis of high‐performance MLCC electrolyte provides a promising solution for future practical magnesium batteries.

Simple, cost effective, high sensitive and selective detection strategies for disease related DNA sequences in clinical diagnostics and research purposes are still on demand. Detection of DNA specific sequences of particular biomedical importance, based on electrochemical signaling, has been reported as a promising analytical approach for medical diagnostics due to its simplicity, cost effective, sensitivity, selectivity and rapidity. Herein, a simple and cost effective DNA biosensor based on poly T30 Copper Nanoparticle Signaling and biobarcode technique is presented for the first time. In this design, complementary sequence places the poly T30 modified bio-barcode probe (P2-SiO2-T30) on the sensor interface. Upon copper reduction reaction, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are clustered along the poly T30 modified bio-barcode probe (P2-SiO2-T30-CuNPs). During electrochemical measurements copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are oxidized to give current signal. This detection strategy has a detection limit of 10 pM.

A novel electrochemical gene detection method based on bio-barcode/gold label silver stain (GLSS) dual amplification is presented. The silica nanoparticle/gold nanoparticles (SiO2/AuNPs) barcode probes were constructed by combining SiO2 nanoparticle-labeled DNA with AuNPs, which hybridizes with target DNAs and the electrode surface-modified DNA probes. The silver ions were reduced on the surface of AuNPs to form a silver shell by the catalysis of AuNPs, and then the electrochemical detection of deposited silver was performed by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). In this paper, the effects of electrode blocking agent, blocking time and silver deposition time on electrochemical detection were also investigated. The proposed electrochemical DNA biosensor bring forth a low detection limit of 0.23 fM and a widely linear range of 1 fM to 10 pM. This method can clearly distinguish the complementary and mismatched DNA, with good repeatability and stability.