A carcinogenic 3-monochloropropane 1, 2 diol ester (3-MCPD ester) can be formed during processing crude palm oil (CPO). Chlorine is one of the precursors for the formation of 3-MCPD esters. This study aimed to optimize the bleaching conditions using zeolite-Fe for reducing chlorine concentration by the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and further evaluate the characteristics of the bleached CPO. Factors such as bleaching time, zeolite-Fe concentration, and bleaching temperature were evaluated and further optimized. The results showed that Fe in the modified zeolite-Fe increased about 71.89% compared to natural zeolite. Zeolite-Fe concentration, bleaching time, and bleaching temperature had a significant effect on chlorine adsorption. The optimum bleaching process was obtained at a zeolite-Fe concentration of 5% (w/w) and bleaching temperature of 80 °C for 30 minutes. Bleached CPO had a chlorine concentration of 25 ± 1 ppb, carotenoid of 467.70 ± 13.71 ppm, and a DOBI (Deterioration Of Bleachability Index) value of 2.17 ± 0.01 R.
Fruit leather adalah salah satu jenis produk olahan makanan yang berasal dari daging buah yang dihancurkan dan dikeringkan. Produk jenis memiliki bentuk seperti lembaran tipis dengan ketebalan sekitar 2-3 mm, menyerupai kulit dan lentur sehingga dapat digulung. Buah naga merah adalah salah satu jenis buah yang mudah dijumpai di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Buah ini terkenal akan tingginya kandungan antioksidan. Pemanfaat buah naga merah menjadi produk fruit leather menjadi solusi pada permasalahan umur simpan buah naga yang relatif singkat. Penambahan labu kuning fruit leather buah naga merah diharapkan membantu perbaikan tekstur dan kenampakan warna yang dihasilkan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan empat perlakuan yaitu sampel A (Buah naga 100%), B (Buah naga 75% : labu kuning 25%), C (Buah naga 50% : labu kuning 50%) dan D (Buah naga 25% : labu kuning 75%). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pegaruh penambahan variasi konsentrasi labu kuning pada karakteristik kimia meliputi kadar air, abu, karbohidrat, lemak, protein serta pada serat kasar. Hasil peneltian ini menujukkan bahwa penambahan variasi konsentrasi labu kuning pada fruit leather memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada kadar air, kadar protein, kadar karbohidrat dan serat kasar Kata kunci: buah naga merah, fruit leather,labu kuning, proksimat Fruit leather adalah salah satu jenis produk olahan makanan yang berasal dari daging buah yang dihancurkan dan dikeringkan. Produk jenis memiliki bentuk seperti lembaran tipis dengan ketebalan sekitar 2-3 mm, menyerupai kulit dan lentur sehingga dapat digulung. Buah naga merah adalah salah satu jenis buah yang mudah dijumpai di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Buah ini terkenal akan tingginya kandungan antioksidan. Pemanfaat buah naga merah menjadi produk fruit leather menjadi solusi pada permasalahan umur simpan buah naga yang relatif singkat. Penambahan labu kuning fruit leather buah naga merah diharapkan membantu perbaikan tekstur dan kenampakan warna yang dihasilkan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan empat perlakuan yaitu sampel A (Buah naga 100%), B (Buah naga 75% : labu kuning 25%), C (Buah naga 50% : labu kuning 50%) dan D (Buah naga 25% : labu kuning 75%). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pegaruh penambahan variasi konsentrasi labu kuning pada karakteristik kimia meliputi kadar air, abu, karbohidrat, lemak, protein serta pada serat kasar. Hasil peneltian ini menujukkan bahwa penambahan variasi konsentrasi labu kuning pada fruit leather memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada kadar air, kadar protein, kadar karbohidrat dan serat kasar Kata kunci: buah naga merah, fruit leather,labu kuning, proksimat
Bee pollen contains high enough nutrition. Bee pollen contains some nutrients such as water, ash, lipid, protein, natural antioxidants, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. The high nutrients on bee pollen causes bee pollen to be widely used by many people as a food additive on some food productions. Bee pollen is widely used as a fortificant and substitute material. Bee pollen as a substitute material on the making of crackers. On snack bar making, bee pollen is used as a fortificant material. Bee pollen as a fortificant is also used on the making of milk to increase its nutrients, especially the polyphenols. One of the factors effecting the nutrient contents of bee pollen is the source of pollen. There are two sources of pollens, multiflora and uniflora. The aim of this experiment is to know the effect of pollen sources on water, ash, lipid, protein and crude fiber content in 3 types of commercial pollen in Indonesia. The result is bee pollen from 3 different plants pollen have a significant difference to proximate content including water, ash, lipid, protein, carbohydrate, and crude fiber. Keywords: bee pollen, proximate, pollen
This study aims to determine the effect of the comparison between kolang kaling and dutch eggplant on the physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristics of sheet jam. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) of one factor with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions. The research use Analysis of Variants (ANOVA), then continued with Duncan 's New Multiple Range (DNMRT) at the level of 5%. The treatment used is a mixture of kolang-kaling and dutch eggplant namely A (100%: 0%), B (90%: 10%), C (80%: 20%), D (70%: 30%) and E ( 60%: 40%). The results showed that the mixture of kaling and eggplant gave a significant different effect on water content, pH value, vitamin C, total dissolved solids and crude fiber, and gave no significant effect on the fold test. The results showed the treatment of sheet jam from a mixture of kolang-kaling and dutch eggplant Netherlands at a concentration of 70%: 30% (treatment D) is a sheet jam product which is the most preferred with a moisture content of 29.89%, 5/10 color (10R), fold test (4.00), pH 3.63, vitamin C 6.16 mg, total dissolved solids 64.23 0Brix and crude fiber 1.03% and organoleptic acceptability with color values 3.84, aroma 3.24, texture 3 , 76 and taste 4.00.
The rate of increase in coffee production in Solok, especially Arabica coffee, must be accompanied by a good post-harvest period. Now the rate of increase in the area of Arabica coffee production in the Solok area has not been matched by the uniformity of the quality produced. The first thing to pay attention to in maintaining quality is the maturity level the coffee beans harvest. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the chemical content of Solok Arabica coffee beans with two different maturity levels. The material used in the study was Arabica Solok coffee beans harvested directly from the farmers' gardens. Coffee beans are picked at two different maturity levels, namely ripe and overripe Arabica coffee beans. The method used is descriptive analytics to determine the chemical properties of coffee with two maturity levels. The results showed that the level of maturity affected chemical compounds such as caffeine, protein, and fat in Solok Arabica coffee beans. Caffeine content at ripe maturity is 1.56% and increases at overripe to 2.38%. Protein content at ripe maturity is 13.35%, which increases at overripe to 13.54%. The ripe fat content, which was 13.06%, decreased to 11.70%. Keywords: Arabica Coffee, Chemical Content, Level of Maturity ABSTRAK Laju peningkatan produksi kopi di Solok, khususnya kopi arabika harus diiringi dengan pasca panen yang baik. Saat ini laju peningkatan area produksi kopi arabika di daerah Solok belum diimbangi dengan keseragaman mutu yang dihasilkan. Hal pertama yang harus diperhatikan untuk menjaga mutu adalah tingkat kematangan dari panen biji kopi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik kandungan kimia dari biji kopi arabika Solok dengan dua tingkat kematangan yang berbeda. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah biji kopi Arabika Solok yang dipanen langsung dari kebun petani. Biji kopi dipetik dengan dua tingkat kematangan yang berbeda yaitu biji kopi arabika masak sempurna (ripe) dan kelewat matang (overripe). Metode yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif analitik untuk mengetahui sifat kimia kopi dengan dua tingkat kematangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kematangan mempengaruhi kandungan kimia seperti kafein, protein, dan lemak pada biji kopi arabika Solok. Kadar kafein pada kematangan ripe 1,56%, meningkat pada overripe menjadi 2,38%. Kadar protein pada kematangan ripe 13.35 %, meningkat pada overripe menjadi 13.54 %. Kadar lemak ripe yaitu 13.06% mengalami penurunan menjadi 11.70 %. Kata kunci : Kopi Arabika, Kandungan Kimia, Tingkat Kematangan
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.