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The quality of public transportation services is one of the most important performance indicators of modern urban policies for both planning and implementation aspects. Therefore, along with the size of the city, the significance of appropriate cost evaluation and optimization of all related transportation activities increases as well. One of the most important cost factors for the public transport agencies is naturally the fuel consumption of the vehicles. In this study, the attention is focused on the metropolitan bus transport service. The specific aim is to minimize a significant portion of total fuel utilization that occurs due to the so called deadhead trip or dead mileage, which is defined as the idle distance covered by the vehicle between the garage and the route terminal stops without carrying any passengers. In this study, the results of four mathematical models for minimizing the total deadhead trip distance covered in city bus services of Izmir are presented. The models vary due to the inclusion of garage capacity restrictions or operator distinction for supporting both operational and strategical decisions. All models are applied to the recent bus schedule data, which consist of 293 routes, 1,424 buses and 10 garages, for obtaining the optimal route bus-garage allocations and garage capacities. The results of the Decentralized-Capacitated model, which is appropriate for quick implementation, promise a 7.8% reduction in total dead mileage. While on the other hand, if all garage capacities can be expanded and the bus service is maintained only by one operator as modelled in the Centralized-Uncapacitated case, even a 31.4% improvement is possible in the long term. The environmental gains as well as the financial benefits to be achieved when the solutions are actually implemented, justify the practical contribution of the study. KEY WORDSurban transport planning, deadhead trip, bus-garage allocation, garage capacity planning

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In parallel with growing populations and the development of the cities, the traffic densities and respectively the need for public transportation increase. While the local authorities transport the passengers to most of the locations they want, they must also maintain a high-quality public transport system to keep passengers' satisfaction levels high. The most reliable way to conduct such a good transport planning study is to benefit from actual numerical data. The number of the studies related to public transport planning by using smart card data has increased along with the developing technology and widespread usage of electronic fare collection systems. In Izmir city, which has employed an electronic fare collection system since 1999, a fully integrated public transport system has been developed that includes bus, light rail system, metro and ferry modes. In this study, the stages of constructing an origin-destination (OD) matrix that shows the regions where passengers board and alight are evaluated, and an example OD matrix generated by using actual data is interpreted.